Tenant Improvements
Capital-intensive projects where entitlement, financing, construction, and tenancy require multi-party coordination.
Inside this journey
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Pre-Discovery
Align the room on outcomes, decision process, and constraints before deeper discovery.
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Stakeholder Alignment
Confirm decision roles, lease milestones, landlord constraints, and what ‘good’ looks like for each stakeholder.
Alignment Questions
Tell Us About Your Lease Clock
- What is your lease commencement date and how fixed is that deadline?
- What other calendar commitments are tied to that date (e.g., client events, fiscal quarter, employee start dates)? Please list dates and brief context.
- If the construction schedule slipped two weeks, what operational impacts would you expect?
- Have you baked contingency time or alternative workspace plans into your timeline? If so, what do they look like?
- Think back to a past build or renovation—have you ever had the lease or move date accelerated or postponed at short notice? Tell us what happened and the downstream effects.
Who Really Decides — and What 'Good' Looks Like
- If every stakeholder could demand one non-negotiable outcome from this project, what would that be and why?
- Please list the decision-makers for budget, design, operations, landlord approvals, and IT (name, role, and how they define success).
- Which single stakeholder is most likely to pause or veto the project, and what typically triggers their concern?
- How do key stakeholders prefer to receive information and sign approvals (choose all that apply)?
- Describe any political or cultural dynamics (e.g., one champion vs. many veto points) that will influence decision speed.
When Deadlines Become Threats
- If the schedule were at risk today, what's the first real-world consequence you'd face (not hypothetical) — financial, reputational, or operational?
- Which of these cost categories worry you most if the project slips?
- Have you previously authorized after-hours or weekend work to protect a schedule? Share one example and its outcome.
- Are there immovable dates inside the lease (e.g., occupancy for a major client or audit) that would make any delay unacceptable? List them.
- What level of transparency and cadence do you expect when schedule risk emerges (e.g., daily updates, immediate escalation, weekly summaries)?
Money, Margin, and Make-or-Break Budget Moments
- If we exceeded the agreed TI allowance, who would be responsible for the overage and how has that been resolved in your past projects?
- What is the committed tenant improvement allowance and any special terms we should know (e.g., amortized, landlord-delivered scope)? Please include dollar amount or describe terms.
- Which scope items do you view as non-negotiable even if they pressure the budget (select all that apply)?
- What contract pricing model do you prefer and why (GMP, negotiated fixed price, cost-plus)? Share previous experiences that shaped this preference.
- How do you expect change orders to be governed—thresholds, required approvals, and the cadence for decisions?
Occupied Floors, Neighbors, and the Dance of Disruption
- What’s the worst disruption you’ve tolerated in an occupied building—what happened and how long did it take to recover?
- Which building constraints are most likely to shape our approach (select all that apply)?
- Are there occupants or functions (trading floors, labs, confidential client areas) that cannot be disturbed? Please specify sensitivity and times of day.
- How has building management enforced rules historically—strict policing, cooperative with trade-offs, or unpredictable? Give an example.
- Would you consider phased occupancy or partial moves to reduce disruption? If yes, what sequence feels realistic for your teams?
How Do You Define Move-In Success?
- If you handed us the keys on move-in day, what three non-negotiable things must be true for you to declare success? (List three, in order of importance.)
- Which acceptance criteria do you prioritize at turnover (choose all that apply)?
- Who will sign the final acceptance and what specific evidence will they require (role and expected deliverable)?
- What warranty, closeout documentation, and training do you expect to receive at handover?
- How would you like post-occupancy validation to be handled (30/60/90-day reviews, tenant surveys, third-party commissioning)?
If We Could Remove One Risk…
- What single project risk is keeping you up at night right now, and why does it worry you?
- Which of these risks concern you most (select up to three)?
- Which mitigation strategies have you found effective in past projects (select all that applied and note what actually worked)?
- What early deliverable from us would most increase your confidence in hitting the lease date (e.g., named superintendent, preliminary GMP, baseline schedule, references)?
- If we proposed a 30-day risk-reduction sprint (e.g., procurement of long-lead items, mockup of critical area, landlord coordination), what measurable result would convince you it was worth it?
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Site & Lease Constraints
Document building rules, elevator and loading access, utility capacities, noise windows, and TI allowance limits.
Site Constraints
Getting Comfortable — A Quick Site Snapshot
- Tell us the building name, address, and specific floor(s) we’re talking about.
- What type of building is this (select the best fit)?
- Who is your primary point of contact for building coordination (property manager, landlord rep, tenant rep)? Please include name and role.
- When does your lease commence (month/year) and what is the hard date we must meet for move-in?
- Have you completed any surveys, base building drawings, or existing conditions reports we can reference?
- If documents exist, what single file or note would you point us to first to understand the site?
What’s Buried in the Lease That Could Surprise You?
- Which lease clauses do you suspect will constrain construction but you haven’t fully unpacked yet?
- Have you had an attorney or broker flag any lease language as high risk for trade coordination or cost exposure?
- Describe a lease requirement that would cause you real stress if it showed up late in the process (be specific).
- Who in your organization will sign off on landlord redline changes or TI allowance interpretation?
- How long does your landlord typically take to respond to construction submittals or RFI approvals?
- If approval timelines stretched by an extra 2 weeks, what would that likely cost or impact for you?
Elevators, Loading Docks, and the Little Things That Break Schedules
- If elevator or dock access changed with one week’s notice, could your schedule absorb it?
- Which loading and vertical transport resources are available to us (select all that apply)?
- What are the building’s typical loading dock hours and any peak restrictions we should know?
- How many elevator trips can we reasonably plan per day for large deliveries (estimate)?
- Have you encountered bottlenecks with elevator protection, lobby staging, or freight staging on previous projects here? Tell us what happened.
- Who controls and schedules elevator/dock bookings — building mgmt, landlord, or tenant rep?
- Are there specific insurance, indemnity, or vendor credential requirements for using building loading/vertical resources?
Power, HVAC, and the Invisible Limits That Stop Work Cold
- What would it mean to your business if the existing power or HVAC capacity couldn’t support your design on day one?
- Which of these utilities do you already know the capacities for (select all that apply)?
- Do you have single-line electrical drawings or utility meter schedules to confirm loads today?
- If we needed a service upgrade (transformer, new meter, or increased AMP), who pays and how long does that typically take in this building?
- Have past tenants required after-hours temporary power or HVAC shutdowns? If so, how were outages managed and communicated?
- What redundancy or back-up systems are important for your operations day one (select up to 3)?
- Who on the landlord or building engineering team can confirm plant capacity and scheduling for shutdowns?
Noise, Hours, and When Work Has to Steal Time
- What would surprise you most about the building’s permitted work hours if we had to shift heavy demolition or noisy work to nights or weekends?
- Which noise and hour constraints are in force here (select all that apply)?
- How often do you anticipate needing after-hours work to meet the lease date?
- If after-hours work requires overtime premiums or landlord fees, what is the approximate daily premium that your budget can tolerate?
- Describe any occupied-floor sensitivities we should treat as non-negotiable (e.g., client-facing areas, labs, courtrooms).
- How would you like us to communicate planned noisy work to adjacent tenants and building management?
The Money Question — TI Allowance, Hidden Costs, and Pain Points
- If the TI allowance covered only 70% of your envisioned build, what are the top three priorities you wouldn’t want to lose?
- What is the TI allowance or budget set in your lease (provide a number or range)?
- Which items are explicitly excluded from the allowance per your lease (select all that apply)?
- Have you ever experienced a situation where landlord interpretation of allowance language caused scope disagreement? Tell us what you learned.
- How comfortable are you with a GMP vs. an allowance-plus-change-order approach for this project?
- If change orders exceed the allowance, who has final approval to authorize additional spend?
- Would you like us to run a quick allowance-to-scope gap analysis and present trade-offs for staying within the lease cap?
When People Still Work Next Door: Occupied-Floor Strategy and Reputation Protection
- If a neighbor tenant publicly complained during construction, how would that affect your priorities?
- Which of these protections matter most to you when working in an occupied building (select up to 3)?
- Who are the internal stakeholders most sensitive to disruption (e.g., HR, Legal, Executives)? Please name roles and concerns.
- Has your team set any non-negotiable blackout dates (e.g., events, fiscal deadlines, client visits) we must avoid construction impacts on?
- How would you like us to handle complaints or unexpected occupant impacts if they arise?
- Tell us about a past project in an occupied space that went well — what protections mattered most and why?
Plan B and What Keeps You Up at Night
- If a critical item (e.g., HVAC shutdown, elevator outage, or material delay) occurs two weeks before move-in, what outcome would be unacceptable to you?
- Which contingency options would you prioritize if schedule risk becomes real (select up to 3)?
- How do you want us to present contingency costs — as separate line items, as a contingency pool, or within a blended risk premium?
- Who in your decision chain must approve activating contingency plans or spending contingency funds?
- What single indicator should trigger an immediate project review meeting in your view (e.g., two-week schedule slip, 10% budget overrun)?
- Would regular scenario rehearsals (what-if reviews) before critical milestones be valuable to your team?
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Customer Discovery
Clarify tenant outcomes, timeline tied to lease commencement, budget constraints, occupied-floor sensitivities, and acceptance criteria.
Discovery Questions
Quick Orientation — The Lease That’s Driving This
- What is your lease commencement date or target move-in month?
- How fixed is that date?
- If the move-in date slips, what are the concrete consequences for your organization (costs, operations, reputation)?
- Who on your team owns delivery of the lease milestone (title/role)?
- Who else must sign major decisions (budget, finishes, vendor selection)? Select all that apply.
What Would Make Everyone Celebrate?
- If you imagine the project went perfectly, what is the single most visible outcome that would make leadership say “we nailed it”?
- Which of these outcomes are non-negotiable for you? (pick top 3)
- Describe the ideal experience for your employees and clients on move-in day—what would they see, hear, and feel?
- How will success be measured internally (metrics, KPIs, qualitative signals)?
- Which stakeholder outcome is most at risk today and why?
Where Budget and Reality Collide
- If your tenant improvement allowance falls short, what will you be most likely to cut or change?
- What is the total TI budget you are working with (allowance + any additional funds)?
- How would you describe your organization’s tolerance for change orders and budget overruns?
- Who must approve any budget increases and how long does that approval typically take?
- Would you consider an alternative commercial model (GMP, allowances with shared savings, phased funding) to protect the schedule?
Are We About to Upset the Neighbors?
- What single operational or occupant issue on adjacent floors would create the biggest pushback if we didn’t manage it perfectly?
- Which parts of the building are most sensitive to disruption? Select all that apply.
- What noise, odor, or vibration restrictions does building management enforce (times / decibel concerns)?
- How comfortable is your organization with after-hours or weekend work to protect occupied floors?
- What security or access protocols must our crews follow (badging, escorts, background checks)?
If Handover Fails, Where Does It Hurt?
- When clients have rejected a handover in the past, what was most often missing or unacceptable?
- Which acceptance items are must-haves on Day 1? (pick all that apply)
- What tolerance do you expect for punchlist items at turnover (percent of scope or item count)?
- Who will perform final acceptance testing (tenant FM, IT, third-party commissioning)?
- Describe one scenario that would make you delay move-in even if most items were complete.
Who Can Say No — And Why?
- Who holds veto power over the contractor selection or final design and what concerns drive that veto?
- How involved is the landlord in approving scope, schedule, and subcontractors?
- Which external relationships matter most to this project’s success? (pick all that apply)
- If there’s a conflict between design intent and budget, who resolves it and how fast can they decide?
- What procurement or contracting rules we should know about (PO process, vendor diversity requirements, insurance minimums)?
What Are We Likely Getting Wrong About the Building?
- What assumptions about the site or landlord commitments worry you the most if they turn out to be incorrect?
- Which of these constraints apply to your space today? Select all that apply.
- Have you experienced surprise conditions on previous projects in this building or portfolio? If so, what happened and how long did it take to resolve?
- Who will coordinate landlord approvals, permits, and building inspections?
- Are there known utility upgrade timelines or landlord-driven milestones that we must align to?
Which Milestone Would Cause a Domino?
- Which single milestone, if delayed, would cause the largest ripple effect on your business?
- Do you prefer a single continuous schedule or a phased move-in (core delivered first, remainder later)?
- What daily or weekly reporting cadence makes you comfortable with progress visibility?
- How quickly do you expect decisions to be made to keep the critical path moving?
- Which phasing approach would best protect your operations while keeping schedule pressure manageable?
What Keeps Your Leadership Awake?
- What are the top two emotional or reputational risks leadership mentions about this build?
- How has your organization reacted to construction delays or finish quality issues in the past?
- How important is minimizing visible rework (scuffed finishes, mismatched paint, misaligned millwork) on client-facing areas?
- What communication style and frequency calms stakeholders most during high-pressure moments?
- Share one story of a past project that created lasting trust — what did the contractor do right?
If We Were Your Partner: How Would You Like Us to Work?
- If you had to name one non-negotiable quality in a contractor, what would it be and why?
- Which commercial model would make you most comfortable moving forward?
- What level of detail do you want in preconstruction estimates (high-level, line-item, systems-level, room-by-room)?
- Which collaboration tools or formats do you prefer for shared documents and approvals?
- Realistically, what is your decision timeframe to select a contractor and proceed to preconstruction?
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Solution Experience
Walk through how our delivery model (self-performed trades, phased schedule, GMP option) mitigates risks and delivers move-in-ready space on the lease timeline.
Experience Meetings
- Solution Experience Kickoff — Current State & Context
- Risk & Consequence Quantification Workshop
- Delivery Model Walkthrough — Proof (Schedule, Trades, GMP)
- Proof & Validation — Case Studies, Team, and Reporting
- Acceptance & Next Steps — Move from Experience to Scope/GMP
- Customer confirms which references they will contact and what specific validation they require.
- Customer to confirm cost assumptions for temporary occupancy, penalties, and internal disruption costs.
- Seller to prepare risk‑modeled scenarios (baseline, risk event A, risk event B) with schedule and cost impacts for the Walkthrough.
- Collect building-specific constraints (noise windows, elevator hours, loading dock schedule) for accurate logistics modeling.
- Recap Prioritized Risks & Target Future State
- Customer validates that the phased schedule and self-perform approach reduce the highest-priority schedule risks.
- Customer understands GMP boundaries and agrees on commercial controls to limit budget exposure.
- Agree on acceptance criteria and checkpoints that will serve as objective proof of the future state.
- Obtain customer confirmation of assumptions used in the schedule simulation (crew sizes, after‑hours windows, landlord windows).
- Seller to deliver the phased schedule PDF, critical path logic, and scenario simulations within 48 hours.
- Customer to validate and return comments on scheduling assumptions, occupied-floor constraints, and after-hours allowance.
- Commercial teams to draft a one-page GMP term summary showing allowances, contingencies, and change governance for review.
- Recap Validated Future State & Key Risks
- Customer sees documented proof that the delivery model produced the desired outcomes on similar projects.
- Customer is satisfied with the proposed project team and reporting cadence for monitoring risk.
- Introductions & Meeting Objectives
- Seller to provide full case study packets, superintendent CV, and three customer references.
- Seller to send sample daily report template and escalation workflow for customer's review.
- Customer to select references to contact and provide targeted questions they'd like answered.
- Confirm Validated Future State Statement
- Customer formally accepts that the delivery model, as proven, delivers the future state for the agreed acceptance criteria.
- Agreement on the commercial path (GMP or alternative) and a timeline to Mutual Commit.
- Clear schedule of deliverables and owners to produce the Solution Scope and draft GMP term sheet.
- Seller to issue a Solution Scope outline and draft GMP term sheet for review by the agreed date.
- Customer to identify internal approvers and confirm decision timeline for Mutual Commit.
- Both parties to schedule the Mutual Commit meeting and confirm required attendees and pre-read materials.
- Customer and seller share a single, crystal-clear statement of the current state.
- Consequence is quantified or framed in real terms (time, dollars, operational impact).
- A one-sentence future state is agreed that will be proven during the Solution Experience.
- All required documents and owners for follow-up workshops are identified and committed.
- Customer to deliver lease, site plan, landlord rules, and TI allowance spreadsheet (due before Risk Workshop).
- Seller to prepare a concise one-page summary of the current-state consequences based on inputs.
- Assign owners and timeline for missing data (utility capacities, elevator windows, occupied-floor sensitivities).
- Recap One‑Sentence Current State & Future State
- Produce a prioritized list of top project risks with quantified consequence estimates.
- Agree which risks will be modeled in the Delivery Model Walkthrough to prove mitigation efficacy.
- Assign data owners for any remaining numbers needed for accurate modeling (cost rates, crew productivity, after-hours premiums).
- One‑Sentence Current State
- Self‑Perform Trades: Control Points & Evidence
- Identify Failure Modes
- Acceptance Criteria & Measurable Milestones
- Targeted Case Studies
- Quantify Consequences
- Project Team & Superintendent Commitment
- Phased Schedule Walkthrough (Critical Path)
- Lease Milestones & Hard Dates Review
- Commercial Path & GMP Next Steps
- Governance for Change Orders & Schedule Risk
- GMP Option & Commercial Boundaries
- Daily Reporting & Governance Demo
- Prioritize Risks by Impact & Likelihood
- Immediate Consequences of Failure
- Define Target Future State (One Sentence)
- Trade Sequencing, Logistics & After‑Hours Plan
- Logistics Playbook Preview
- Decision & Timeline to Mutual Commit
- Map Potential Mitigations to Risks
- Validation Points & Acceptance Criteria
- Agree Modeling Scope for Delivery Walkthrough
- Reference Validation & Q&A
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Solution Scope
Define the scope of work, trade responsibilities, phasing, key milestones, and measurable acceptance criteria.
Scope Configuration
- Selective Demolition and Debris Removal
- Asbestos and Hazardous Material Abatement
- Metal Stud Framing and Rough Carpentry
- Gypsum Board Installation and Taping
- HVAC Modifications and Ductwork Installation
- Electrical Distribution and Lighting Installation
- Plumbing and Fire Protection Installation
- Low-Voltage and Data Cabling Installation
- Acoustic Ceiling Grid and Tile Installation
- Flooring Installation (Carpet, Tile, Wood)
- Interior Painting and Wallcovering
- Millwork and Custom Casework Installation
- Interior Glass and Storefront Installation
- Furniture (FF&E) Delivery and Installation
- Final Construction Cleaning and Turnover
Scope Questions
Selective Demolition and Debris Removal
- What is the overall extent of demolition required?
- Approximate square footage and specific rooms/areas to be demolished (list by room or SF).
- Are adjacent floors or occupied spaces directly impacted and requiring containment or negative pressure?
- What are site logistics constraints for debris removal (e.g., elevator access, loading dock limitations, compactor availability)?
- Preferred demolition hours and any landlord-imposed noise or time restrictions?
Asbestos and Hazardous Material Abatement
- Is there an existing asbestos/hazardous material survey available?
- Which hazardous materials are known or suspected on-site?
- What abatement scope do you expect (testing only, selective removal, full abatement before demolition)?
- Does the building or landlord require specific abatement contractors, certifications, or disposal chains?
- Any required timeline constraints for abatement work (dates, lease milestones) or access windows?
Metal Stud Framing and Rough Carpentry
- Which areas require new partitions, bulkheads, or rough carpentry (list rooms or SF)?
- Typical partition heights required (to deck, partial, bulkhead, variable)?
- Is blocking or backing required for millwork, AV, or specialty attachments?
- Are structural modifications or openings (headers, saw-cutting, steel) part of the framing scope?
- Do you require phased framing to enable early trade access or occupied-floor sensitivities?
Gypsum Board Installation and Taping
- What drywall finish level is specified for painted surfaces?
- Are fire-rated or acoustical assemblies required (locations and ratings)?
- Are moisture-resistant or mold-resistant boards required in wet or high-humidity areas?
- Will drywall work be performed adjacent to occupied areas requiring containment, dust control, or after-hours work?
- Are expedited schedules or parallel finish crews required to meet lease milestones?
HVAC Modifications and Ductwork Installation
- What is the scope of HVAC work needed (new units, duct modifications, controls, rebalancing)?
- Will tie-in to base-building systems be required and are tie-in points/risers identified?
- Are there schedule constraints for shutdowns or work that impacts occupied floors (preferred after-hours)?
- Do you require contractor-provided MEP design/engineering, or will owner provide full design documents?
- Any specific code, commissioning, or balance report deliverables required at turnover?
Electrical Distribution and Lighting Installation
- Will new tenant panels, service upgrades, or metering changes be required?
- What are the target lighting types and controls (select all that apply)?
- Are life-safety systems (egress lighting, emergency power, fire alarm tie-in) part of the electrical scope?
- Does the landlord or base building impose electrical capacity limits or require approvals for new loads?
- Do you require lighting controls, daylighting sensors, or energy compliance documentation?
Plumbing and Fire Protection Installation
- Which plumbing elements are in scope (restrooms, kitchenettes, drinking fountains, mop sinks)?
- Are building riser locations and tie-in points available for plumbing and sprinkler work?
- Will sprinkler modifications or new layouts be required (including density or hydraulic recalculation)?
- Are shutdown windows required for plumbing/sprinkler tie-ins and do occupied floors constrain timing?
- Any special regulatory requirements (backflow preventers, grease traps, health dept approvals)?
Low-Voltage and Data Cabling Installation
- Approximate number of workstations, APs, and closets or the SF to be served (provide counts or SF).
- Which cabling standards and backbone do you require?
- Are ceiling plenum or specific pathway constraints present (conduit, open ceiling, limited raceway)?
- Do you require certification/testing reports for all installed cables (e.g., Fluke test reports)?
- Is coordination required with security, AV, or access control systems for low-voltage routing?
Acoustic Ceiling Grid and Tile Installation
- Which areas will receive suspended ceilings (list rooms or SF)?
- What ceiling tile type and performance is required (acoustic NRC, fire-rated, visual style)?
- Are there coordination constraints with above-ceiling MEP that affect ceiling heights or access panels?
- Is future access for IT/maintenance required (removable panels, access zones)?
- Will ceiling installation need to be phased to allow other trades to complete work above the ceiling?
Flooring Installation (Carpet, Tile, Wood)
- Specify flooring types by area (carpet, LVT, tile, hardwood) or upload a finish plan.
- Is underlayment, sound attenuation, or raised access floor in scope?
- Are moisture tests and subfloor remediation required prior to installation?
- What is the preferred sequencing relative to FF&E delivery (install before furniture, after, or phased)?
- Are there landlord-approved products or sustainable material requirements (LEED/CRP)?
Interior Painting and Wallcovering
- How many paint colors and finish levels are required (provide color count or specs)?
- Are specialty finishes or wallcoverings (graphics, vinyl, textured finishes) required?
- Will painting or wallcovering need to be performed after-hours due to occupied floors or client-facing spaces?
- Surface prep expectations: standard patch and prime, skim coat, or level 5 finish?
- Are mockups or sample panels required for owner approval prior to full installation?
Millwork and Custom Casework Installation
- List primary millwork items required (reception desk, built-ins, millwork walls) and approximate counts.
- Will millwork be factory-finished, field-finished, or a combination?
- Are shop drawings, finishes samples, and a mock-up mandatory for approval?
- Do installation logistics require on-site storage, crane/elevator staging, or special delivery windows?
- Any special attachment, concealed utilities, or coordination points (HVAC, electrical, plumbing) to consider for millwork?
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Mutual Commit
Agree commercial terms, GMP/allowance boundaries, warranty, and governance for change orders and schedule risk.
Agreement Modules
- Statement of Work (SOW)
- Project Contract (Master Construction Agreement)
- Guaranteed Maximum Price (GMP) / Allowance Exhibit
- Payment Schedule & Mobilization Terms
- Change Order & Governance Agreement
- Schedule Commitment & Delay Remedies
- Warranty & Defect Liability Terms
- Insurance, Performance & Payment Bonds
- Landlord Coordination & Work Letter Confirmation
- Handover, Commissioning & Acceptance Protocol
- Key Personnel & Site Leadership Commitment
- Permitting & Regulatory Responsibility Matrix
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Deployment
Operationalize rollout with readiness checks, enablement, and outcome validation.
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Pre-Construction Readiness
Confirm permits, tenant sign-offs, site logistics, superintendent assignment, and phased access plans are in place.
Readiness Questions
Starting Line: Tell Us About This Project
- What type of tenant improvement are we talking about and what is your target lease commencement date?
- Who will be our primary day-to-day contact for decisions, scheduling, and clarifications? Please include role and preferred contact method.
- What is the tenant improvement (TI) allowance or budget range we should assume for initial estimating?
- Is the space currently occupied or vacant and are there any locked-in move dates or soft milestones we should know about?
- Do you have existing documents we should review (lease with TI language, base building rules, existing floor plans, prior punchlists)? If yes, list them or attach.
What's Keeping You Up at Night?
- If construction slipped past the lease commencement date, what would the tangible and intangible costs be for your organization?
- Which of the following has been the single biggest cause of delay on past projects you've experienced?
- When schedule pressure increases, whose priorities change first and how does that typically show up in decisions?
- Have you previously had to occupy a partially completed space or secure temp space because of a delay? Tell us what happened and the impact.
- How critical is a guaranteed maximum price (GMP) or fixed allowance to your ability to sign a contract?
Where the Landlord Lines Are Drawn
- Which landlord constraints or rules have you seen that could immediately threaten this schedule or scope?
- What is the explicit tenant improvement allowance and what portions (if any) require landlord sign-off before work begins?
- Are there elevator or loading dock size restrictions, freight elevator windows, or tight staging that will affect material deliveries?
- Does the landlord require use of building-supplied MEP contractors or specific inspection vendors? If so, who and what are their constraints?
- How flexible is the landlord with phased access and partial certificate of occupancy (CO) options?
Who Really Needs to Be Happy?
- What would 'success' look like for your CFO, facilities lead, and end users — and which of them can veto the project if dissatisfied?
- Select the stakeholders we should engage and your estimate of how influential each is.
- For the top two stakeholder roles you selected, list their top three non-negotiables (quality, timing, amenities, budget limits, minimal disruption, etc.).
- How do your end users react to construction in their building or floor—do they tolerate visible work, or does it create escalations?
- Who ultimately signs off on final acceptance and move-in (role/title)?
The Tight Spots: Site & Logistics
- What's the single site or logistical constraint you expect to create the most friction during construction?
- What are the building's reported utility capacities or any known MEP limitations (power, chilled water, gas)?
- Describe the typical elevator scheduling and after-hours access rules the building enforces.
- Do we have accurate field measurements and as-built drawings, or will we need a site survey before pricing?
- Are there noise-sensitive adjacencies (law firms, trading floors, healthcare) that require specific noise mitigation plans or night work?
Money & Change: Where Boundaries Live
- If an unforeseen $50k scope issue appears mid-build, who has final approval authority and how quickly can they respond?
- Which commercial model would you prefer for this project?
- What is your preferred threshold that triggers a formal change order (e.g., dollar amount or percent of contract)?
- Reflecting on past projects, what change-order or budgeting experience most frustrated you and why?
- What warranty length and scope do you expect for finishes, systems, and millwork?
How Should the Work Feel Day-to-Day?
- If your employees walked past the site every morning, what specific signs would make them say 'this team has it under control' versus 'this is risky'?
- What cadence and format of project communication makes you most comfortable (daily log, weekly executive summary, photos, dashboard)?
- Who wants what level of visibility into day-to-day execution (field PM, executive sponsor, facilities, landlord)?
- Are you open to a phased schedule that delivers key areas first to enable staged occupancy? If yes, which spaces are highest priority?
- What is your tolerance for after-hours work and do you have internal constraints (security, travel, client hours) we must consider?
What Does Move-In Success Look Like?
- Imagine the day of move-in — what three things happening would make you declare the project a success?
- Which acceptance criteria will you require at turnover (punchlist percent complete, system commissioning, documentation, vendor warranties)?
- How will you validate technical systems (IT, AV, HVAC) — internal testing, third-party commissioning, or vendor sign-offs?
- Do you require staged move verification (pilot team moves in first) or full occupancy at turnover?
- What post-occupancy support would make you feel secure for the first 90 days?
Reality Checks & Red Flags From Past Projects
- What single mistake by a previous contractor do you absolutely want to avoid on this project?
- Which attributes are most important when we propose a superintendent and project manager (experience in occupied buildings, responsiveness, trade expertise, references)?
- How do you feel about contractors who self-perform core trades versus those who rely heavily on subcontractors?
- What questions should we address with your references to reassure you about our ability to deliver on schedule and quality?
- Are there recent project examples you can point us to that reflect the level of finish and attention to detail you expect?
Next Moves: Commitments, Timing, and Essentials
- If we demonstrated we could meet your top three constraints within a week, how quickly could you commit to a next-step (SOW, site survey, budget workshop)?
- What documents or confirmations do we need from you or the landlord to begin preconstruction and site readiness?
- Who must be present for an on-site kickoff and which date windows are off-limits for site access in the next 90 days?
- What single metric or assurance would give your team confidence to move forward with us (GMP commitment, reference visit, superintendent interview, sample schedule)?
- Finally, is there anything about your culture, vendor selection process, or internal approval workflows we should know to make engagement seamless?
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Construction Execution
Schedule and manage daily work, trade coordination, after-hours sequencing, and reporting to meet lease-driven milestones.
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Handover & Commissioning
Complete punchlist, system commissioning, QA checks, and formal turnover with acceptance criteria and move-in verification.
Validation Checklist
Quick Timeline Check — Where’s the Deadline?
- What is your lease commencement date or target move-in window?
- Please enter the specific date or range you referenced above (e.g., 2026-09-01 or Sept–Nov 2026).
- How confident are you that this timeline is fixed versus at-risk for change?
- If the move-in date slipped by 2–4 weeks, what would the immediate business impact be?
Who's Holding the Keys — Decision Makers, Influencers, and Allies
- Who will sign off on the final acceptance and move-in — the people and their titles?
- Select all stakeholders who influence approvals (we'll use this to make sure the right people are engaged).
- Who among those stakeholders would you describe as the toughest to please — and why? Tell a specific example if you can.
- How quickly can your decision-makers sign off on punchlist items, RFIs or change orders once they're presented?
- Are there any vendor or procurement constraints (e.g., preferred vendor lists, minority supplier goals, PO thresholds) the project must follow?
What’s Getting in the Way — The Risks You’ve Learned to Live With
- If you had to name one recurring problem on past TI projects that still makes you nervous, what is it?
- How often have past projects exceeded the TI budget or resulted in significant change orders?
- When projects have gone sideways before, which caused the most pain — schedule slippage, disputed scope, poor finish quality, or building access conflicts?
- Tell us about a past project where things improved unexpectedly—what changed and how did it feel for your team?
- How long have you been putting up with the most persistent pain-point you just described?
Constraints That Often Surprise Tenants — Building, Site, and Operational Limits
- What building or site constraints are non‑negotiable (examples: elevator size, loading dock hours, compressor/noise windows, MEP capacity limits)?
- Which of the following building constraints apply to your space? (Select all that fit.)
- Which single site constraint worries you most and why?
- Have any landlord-provided guidelines or fit-out standards been given to you? If yes, how prescriptive are they?
- If we needed to lean on the landlord for a late-night elevator or special utility shutdown, how willing do you think they’d be to accommodate?
What Would Move-In Day Actually Feel Like?
- Imagine move-in day went perfectly — what three tangible things would be true and visible?
- Which of these acceptance criteria matter most for you? (pick up to three)
- How do you want to verify acceptance—formal walkthrough, video walkthrough, checklist sign-off, or staged move-in verification?
- What would you and your users notice first if the space was delivered late or with quality issues? How would it affect operations or morale?
- Are there hard, non-negotiable criteria that would cause you to refuse acceptance? Describe them.
Money Matters — Budget, Allowances, and What ‘Covered’ Really Means
- If the TI allowance is the only fixed number in the room, how closely does your current estimate align to that allowance?
- Which of these cost controls are most important to you? (select up to three)
- Have you had experiences where a contractor’s scope ambiguity created large unexpected costs? Tell us what happened and how it felt.
- How aggressive are you willing to be on value engineering that trades some finish-level quality for schedule or cost savings?
- What level of transparency in cost and change-order reporting would make you feel in control (examples: daily updates, weekly dashboards, executive summaries)?
Occupied-Floor Sensitivities — People, Noise, and Reputation
- How sensitive are the adjacent floors to disruption (clients, live operations, testing labs, confidential work)?
- What after-hours or noise constraints must we observe? Please be specific (e.g., no mechanical noise after 6pm; concrete saw only on weekends).
- Which mitigation strategies have you used before or would you consider to limit disruption?
- Who is the on-site contact we should coordinate with daily for occupied-floor concerns (name/role)?
- How would a single late-night incident affecting adjacent floors change leadership’s view of the project?
Technical & Systems Expectations — Commissioning, IT, and Move‑In Readiness
- Which systems must be commissioned and proven before occupancy (select all that apply)?
- Describe any special IT/AV or security milestones that require coordination with outside vendors or landlord infrastructure.
- How do you prefer commissioning evidence delivered — manufacturer reports, commissioning logs, in-person demos, or digital certificates?
- Are there required warranties or maintenance handover items your facilities team insists on (length of warranty, O&M manuals, spare parts)?
- Who on your team will accept responsibility for ongoing maintenance after turnover (name/role)?
Red Flags & Past Near-Misses — Tell Us What Almost Broke
- Has a prior TI ever faced a near-miss that threatened move-in (permit delays, failed inspections, landlord objections)? Describe the incident and resolution.
- Which of these potential red flags apply to this project today?
- If a red flag we identify requires a trade-off (cost vs. time vs. quality), which axis are you least willing to compromise?
- How quickly do you expect escalations to reach your executive sponsors if we hit a major barrier?
Communication That Builds Calm — How We’ll Keep You Informed
- Which communication rhythm gives you confidence (choose primary)?
- Which formats do your stakeholders prefer for updates (select all that apply)?
- Who else should be on the distribution list for schedule and punchlist updates?
- What level of access to project documentation would put you at ease (RFI logs, change order trackers, schedule gantt, budget dashboard)?
- Are there reporting formats or KPIs you’ve used before that made you feel in control? Tell us a concrete example.
Commitments & Next Steps — What Would Make You Say Yes?
- What are the two most important commitments a contractor can make to secure your confidence for this project?
- Which contract or commercial structures would you prefer to reduce your risk? (select up to two)
- If we proposed a phased handover (critical areas first, full occupancy later), how comfortable would you be planning a staged move?
- What would be the single most persuasive piece of evidence that a contractor understands your needs and can deliver on-time?
- When would you like us to present a tailored plan and preliminary budget for your review?
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Success
Review outcomes against success signals, capture lessons, and maintain a shared channel for issues and enhancements.
Success Reviews
- Project Success Review
- Lessons Learned / Project Retrospective
- Warranty & Post-Occupancy Support Handover
- Continuous Improvement & Enhancements Planning
- Executive Summary & Customer Satisfaction Review
Issues & Enhancements
- Create a prioritized enhancement backlog with assigned owners and timelines.
- Assign an improvement owner to track implementation and report progress quarterly.
- Warranty Coverage Summary
- Clear understanding of warranty terms and an up-to-date register for all open items.
- Agreed SLAs and escalation paths for post-occupancy issues.
- Ensure tenant has received necessary O&M documentation and knows how to request remedial work.
- Deliver electronic O&M manuals, as-builts, and warranty certificates to tenant and landlord contacts.
- Create and share a living warranty tracker in the shared channel and assign a warranty manager.
- Schedule 30- and 90-day post-occupancy walkthroughs and invite tenant facilities and project PM.
- Launch the approved pilot(s) with a one-page charter and success metrics.
- Schedule quarterly improvement review meetings to monitor progress and re-prioritize as needed.
- Shared Channel & Backlog Introduction
- Welcome & Objectives
- Agree pilots to validate highest-impact improvements and define success metrics.
- Set a regular governance cadence to review and approve changes.
- Log prioritized backlog items into the shared CustomerNode enhancement board with owners and target dates.
- Executive Recap
- Obtain executive confirmation of project close or clearly define remaining items to achieve close.
- Secure permission for customer reference, testimonial, or case study where appropriate.
- Agree on financial close steps and timing for final invoicing/retainage release.
- Deliver the executive one-pager and final reconciliation to finance and tenant executive sponsor.
- Request and capture a short written testimonial or reference contact if the customer agrees.
- Issue formal closeout package and sign-off document once remaining items (if any) are resolved.
- Validate which success signals were met and which require remediation.
- Agree owners, deadlines, and communications for all outstanding closeout items.
- Establish a single shared channel for tracking post-handover issues and updates.
- Produce and circulate an outcomes vs success-signals matrix with owners and due dates.
- Create the shared issues channel (CustomerNode thread/Slack) and add all stakeholders.
- Schedule weekly short-status calls until punchlist and warranty-critical items are closed.
- Retrospective Framework & Rules
- Document a prioritized set of actionable improvements with owners and timelines.
- Capture at least 5 positive practices to codify into standard operating procedures.
- Agree when and how improvements will be reflected in templates, checklists, and training.
- Publish the retrospective report with root causes, recommended actions, owners and deadline dates.
- Update the preconstruction and deployment checklists to include agreed improvements.
- Financial & Contractual Close
- Quantitative Review
- Open Warranty Item Register
- Review of Success Signals
- Collect Enhancement Requests
- Actual Outcomes vs Targets
- Impact vs Effort Prioritization
- Customer Satisfaction & Reference Request
- Post-Occupancy Monitoring Plan
- What Went Well
- Formal Closeout Sign-off
- Impact & Consequence Discussion
- Escalation & Emergency Contact Protocols
- What Could Be Improved
- Pilot Selection & Ownership
- Outstanding Items & Closeout Plan
- Delivery of Documentation & Spares
- Cadence & Governance
- Root Cause & Countermeasure Brainstorm
- Follow-up Commitments
- Prioritize Improvements
- Next Steps & Communication