Industrial & Manufacturing Energy, Utilities & Sustainability Grid Modernization & Distributed Energy

Distribution Automation

Long-cycle programs where regulation, capital, and grid reliability define the pace.

ABB Siemens S&C Electric Eaton
Inside this journey
  1. Pre-Discovery

    Align the room on outcomes, decision process, and constraints before deeper discovery.

    1. Stakeholder Alignment

      Confirm decision-makers, regulatory constraints, timeline, and what success looks like for each stakeholder.

      Alignment Questions

      Quick Context: Who We're Talking With

      • What is your primary role and where do you sit in decisions about distribution automation? Options: Distribution Engineering Manager, Grid Modernization Program Lead, VP, Operations, Protection Engineer, SCADA/DMS Lead, IT/Cybersecurity Lead, Regulatory/Policy, Other
      • Tell us the name of the program or initiative this work is part of (if any).
      • Which stage best describes your program right now? Options: Exploration / Feasibility, Pilot / Proof of Concept, Design & Procurement, Early Deployment, Enterprise Rollout, Maintenance / Optimization
      • Roughly how many distribution circuits or feeders do you expect to include in the initial scope? Options: 1–5, 6–20, 21–50, 51–200, 200+
      • What single outcome would make this program feel like a clear success to you personally?

      Are We Sure the Right People Are in the Room?

      • What if the people who sign the final checks don’t see the same problem you do—who else absolutely must be aligned for this to move forward? Options: Distribution Engineering, Operations/Dispatch, IT/Cybersecurity, Regulatory Affairs, Capital Planning/Finance, Procurement, Field Operations, External stakeholders (municipalities/co-ops), Other
      • Which regulatory constraints or reporting obligations will shape this project’s scope or timeline? Options: Performance-based rates, Mandatory reliability targets, Specific outage reporting, Grant/funding conditions, Procurement limitations, Local permitting rules, None known
      • What is the decision approval path — who provides budget sign-off, technical approval, and regulatory sign-off (names/titles)?
      • How would you describe each stakeholder’s definition of success (operations, engineering, IT, finance, regulator)?
      • How confident are you that those stakeholders share a single priority for this project, and why? Options: Very confident, Somewhat confident, Not confident, Unsure

      Where the Grid Really Hopes You'd Notice

      • What hidden reliability or operational risk do you worry we’ll miss if we only look at line diagrams?
      • Which best describes the dominant topology for the circuits you want to automate? Options: Radial, Looped/Networked, Meshed, Mixed
      • What protection schemes and devices are currently in-place (list brands, relays, reclosers, fuses, time coordination details)?
      • How much real-time telemetry do your circuits already provide? Options: 0–10%, 10–25%, 25–50%, 50–75%, 75–100%
      • How frequently do sustained faults or miscoordination events occur on the candidate circuits? Options: Multiple times/month, Several/year, Occasional, Rare
      • What integration or legacy constraints (RTU types, proprietary interfaces, bandwidth limits) have historically blocked automation projects? Options: Proprietary SCADA vendor, Legacy RTUs without remote access, Limited comms bandwidth, Third-party DERMS, No comms backbone, Strict cybersecurity policy
      • Point us to 1–3 pilot circuits or closely documented examples and tell us why they matter.

      If We Could Reveal One Metric That Proves Success, What Would It Be?

      • What SAIDI and SAIFI targets would make the regulator and your executives consider this program a win?
      • Beyond SAIDI/SAIFI, which outcome measures matter most to you? Options: MAIFI (momentary interruptions), Customer minutes saved, Reduction in truck rolls, Faster fault isolation time, DER hosting capacity, Other
      • What are your DER integration goals—are you prioritizing hosting capacity, islanding, volt-var support, or visibility and control? Options: Increase hosting capacity, Enable grid-friendly DER behavior (Volt-VAR), Visibility of inverter output, Transient islanding capability, DER orchestration with DERMS, Other
      • What budget guardrails would rule a solution in or out (per-device or program-level ranges)? Options: <$5k/device, $5k–$15k, $15k–$30k, $30k–$50k, $50k+/device, Program-level ROI-based
      • What acceptance criteria must be met before you’d allow the system to operate autonomously?
      • How soon do you expect observable reliability improvements after commissioning? Options: Immediately (first events), Within 3 months, 3–6 months, 6–12 months, Longer/uncertain

      What's Worth Betting the Budget On?

      • If you had to choose, which elements of the solution are absolutely non-negotiable versus nice-to-have?
      • Which mix of equipment do you expect to deploy for the initial scope? Options: Automated reclosers, Sectionalizing switches, Capacitor controllers, Voltage regulators, Fault indicators, Communications nodes/gateways, Other
      • What communications architecture do you prefer or require? Options: Cellular LTE/5G, Private RF mesh, Licensed microwave, Utility fiber, BPL, Hybrid (mix)
      • Which integration points must be proven in the first deployment (SCADA/DMS protocols, DERMS, OMS, NMS)? Options: SCADA/DMS (IEC 61850), SCADA/DMS (DNP3), DERMS, OMS, Network Management System, Asset management/CMMS
      • Who will own installation and commissioning responsibilities for each scope area (utility crews, vendor, contractor)? Options: Utility internal crews, Third-party contractors, Vendor-managed, Joint responsibility
      • What measurable deliverables—beyond installed devices—do you need (reports, dashboards, verified test results)?
      • What cybersecurity or compliance standards must the solution meet before procurement? Options: NERC CIP, ISO 27001, IEC 62351, FIPS/PKI-based auth, Vendor security assessments, Utility-specific controls

      Could This Break the Way You Run Ops?

      • What operational assumption would you be most uncomfortable changing if automation starts acting without human-in-the-loop control?
      • Which real-world failure modes do we need to validate with your circuits to build confidence? Options: Single line-to-ground, Phase-to-phase, Backfeed from DER, Communications loss, Controller hardware failure, Fuse miscoordination
      • How do you currently detect and isolate faults, and what about that process frustrates operations staff?
      • What operator workflows, alarms, or screens must change to accommodate automated switching?
      • What training format would best prepare dispatch and field crews for the new behaviors? Options: Classroom, Hands-on field training, Simulator/HIL labs, On-demand e-learning, Train-the-trainer
      • What performance thresholds will reassure your operators (example: isolation time, restore time, false-operate rate)? Options: Isolation < 5 minutes, Restore < 15 minutes, SAIDI reduction > 20%, SAIFI reduction > 15%, False-operate rate < 0.5%

      What's Stopping Deployment Before We Start?

      • If we tried to mobilize tomorrow, what single logistical problem would most likely stop work within 72 hours?
      • How complete and validated are the data handoffs we’ll need (GIS, relay settings, line models, asset lists)? Options: All data available & validated, Mostly available with gaps, Partial and inconsistent, Not available
      • Do you have any site access, permitting, or right-of-way constraints that routinely delay field crews?
      • What is the current inventory posture for spares and field tools in the regions we’re targeting? Options: Adequate spares & tooling, Limited spares, No spares stocked, Managed by separate warehouse
      • Is your cybersecurity and network team prepared to approve device onboarding and certificate-based authentication? Options: Approved & ready, Under review, Not started, Requires policy updates
      • Who will own the test plan and the go/no-go decision for mobilization? Options: Distribution Engineering, Operations/Dispatch, IT/Cybersecurity, Program Management Office, Other

      When Will This Actually Happen (and What Could Stop It)?

      • What single event, if it occurs, would cause you to pause or cancel the program? Options: Regulatory pushback, Budget cut, Unresolved cybersecurity issue, Critical safety concern, Technical integration failure, Vendor performance issues
      • Which milestones and gates do you require between kickoff and full acceptance (design reviews, factory acceptance, field acceptance)?
      • Which acceptance tests must be included in contracts (select all that must be passed)? Options: Protection coordination tests, End-to-end communications, FLISR functional tests, Cybersecurity penetration test, Peak-load/thermal tests
      • What is the commercial approval status for this budget or pilot? Options: Approved, Under review, Not started, Requires executive sign-off, Dependent on grant/funding
      • What regulatory justification materials do you need from a vendor (cost-benefit, historic case studies, documented reliability improvements)?
      • Realistically, when would you expect procurement and budget to be in-place so work can start? Options: Immediately, 30–90 days, 3–6 months, 6–12 months, Uncertain

      How Will We Know We Did It Well?

      • What would you point to, three months after deployment, that proves the system has moved from pilot to standard practice?
      • Which verification metrics and reporting cadence will satisfy operations, engineering and regulators? Options: SAIDI, SAIFI, MAIFI, Mean Time to Repair (MTTR), Customer minutes saved, Event-by-event FLISR tracebacks
      • Which systems will be the authoritative source of truth for those metrics? Options: SCADA, DMS, Smart meters/AMI, Field device logs, Manual incident reports
      • How would you like lessons learned and continuous improvements captured and governed after go-live? Options: Weekly ops reviews, Dedicated collaborative channel (Slack/Teams), Quarterly steering committee, Documented post-mortem reports
      • What post-deployment support model makes you comfortable (SLA levels, on-site commissioning support, spare parts commitments)? Options: 24/7 on-call support, Business hours support, Scheduled on-site commissioning, Vendor-stocked spares, Consignment spares
      • If you had one caveat or condition for signing acceptance, what would it be?
    2. Current State Mapping

      Document grid topology, protection schemes, telemetry coverage, fault history, and integration constraints.

      Current State

      Circuit Snapshot — What’s actually out in the field?

      • How many distribution feeders and laterals are in the scope of the circuits you want to map for automation? Options: 1–5, 6–20, 21–50, 51–100, 100+
      • Which voltage classes and substation configurations are we dealing with on these circuits? Options: < 4 kV, 4–15 kV, 15–35 kV, 35–69 kV, 69 kV+
      • Briefly describe the physical topology you most commonly see (radial, looped, networked, large lateral branches, islanded sections).
      • What portion of the circuits are pole-mounted, pad-mounted, or underground distribution? Options: Mostly pole-mounted, Mixed, leaning pole-mounted, Even split pole/underground, Mostly underground, Unknown
      • Are there high-impact customers, critical feeders, or protected zones (hospitals, water treatment, industrial) on these circuits? If so, who are they and why are they critical?

      What Keeps You Up at 2 AM? — Where the pain actually lives

      • When an outage happens on these circuits, what single failure or gap causes the most operational grief—and why is it tolerated? Options: Delayed fault identification, Poor sectionalization, Protection miscoordination, Comms failure, DER backfeed complexities, Other
      • How frequently do you see temporary vs. permanent faults on the target circuits (rough percentages or examples)? Options: Mostly temporary (>70%), Balanced temporary/permanent, Mostly permanent (>70%), Don't have reliable split
      • Tell us about a recent high-profile outage on these feeders—what happened, what was hard to resolve, and what would you have wanted to know sooner?
      • How much do these failures translate into regulator escalation, large customer credits, or political pressure for your team? Options: Frequent escalation, Sometimes, Rarely, Never
      • What emotional or political barriers exist internally when proposing automation changes to address these outages?

      Are Your Protection Settings Working for Today’s Grid?

      • Which inherited protection practice would you change immediately if there were zero procurement or political hurdles? Options: Fixed-time reclosing, Long coordination margins, Single-point CT/PT reliance, Manual overrides, Other
      • What protection devices and schemes are currently used on the primary circuits (select all that apply)? Options: Electromechanical relays, Numeric/microprocessor relays, Reclosers, Sectionalizers, Directional protection, Adaptive/communicating schemes, None of the above / unknown
      • How often do protection coordination studies get updated for these circuits, and who owns that cadence? Options: Annually, Every 2–3 years, Post-major-asset-change, Rarely/never, Unsure
      • Where have you seen protection settings fail because of DER export, and what symptoms tipped you off (misoperations, nuisance trips, failure to isolate)?
      • If we had to prioritize one protection improvement (faster reclosing, directional protection, adaptive deadband), which would you pick and why? Options: Faster reclosing, Directional protection, Adaptive coordination, More granular sectionalization, Other

      How Visible Is Your Network, Really?

      • If I asked you to draw a map of live telemetry points on these circuits, could you do it accurately from memory? Options: Yes, confidently, Mostly, with gaps, No — significant blind spots, I don't have a single source
      • What types of telemetry and event sensors are deployed today (choose all that apply)? Options: SCADA RTU points (analog/digital), Fault indicators (FLISR-enabled), Current/voltage sensors at laterals, Smart meters used as indicators, None/limited
      • How reliable is your communications layer for protection and automation (latency, packet loss, maintenance windows)? Options: Highly reliable (low latency), Generally reliable with occasional outages, Spotty, long latencies, Unreliable — frequent outages
      • Where are the biggest telemetry blind spots (rural laterals, customer-owned DER clusters, underground sections, communications dead zones)?
      • What degree of timestamping, GPS sync, or time-aligned measurements do you currently have available for fault analysis? Options: Full time-sync across assets, Partial time-sync, Limited/none, Unsure

      Integration and Interoperability — Who has to agree and can systems talk?

      • How often do integration challenges (DMS/SCADA mapping, protocol mismatch, cybersecurity reviews) add weeks or months to your projects? Options: Almost always, Often, Occasionally, Rarely
      • Which protocols and interfaces are must-haves for your DMS/SCADA integration on these circuits? Options: DNP3 serial, DNP3 TCP, IEC 61850 MMS/GOOSE, Modbus, Proprietary vendor API, Other
      • Who are the decision stakeholders and approvers for integration (Distribution Ops, IT/Security, SCADA team, Regulatory/Compliance)? Please name roles and who signs off.
      • What cybersecurity or procurement constraints would block connecting new protective devices to your control systems? Options: Encryption/PKI requirements, Vendor certification list, Network segmentation rules, Supply-chain review, None/unknown
      • Describe the integration story that has failed in the past—what went wrong and what would you change in vendor collaboration next time?

      Failure Modes That Keep Reappearing — What the data hides

      • What recurring fault type drains the most field hours and why do those events keep repeating? Options: Animal contact, Vegetation/overgrowth, Equipment deterioration, Overloads/thermal, DER-related misoperations, Other
      • How well do your existing analytics or post-mortem processes attribute root cause (accurate today, partial, manual detective work, not done)? Options: Automated & accurate, Partially automated, Manual/significant detective work, Not performed
      • When a protection device or sectionalizing action misoperates, how quickly can you get the event log, waveform, or sequence-of-events to analyze? Options: Minutes, Hours, Days, Not available
      • What operational changes (crew behavior, switching procedures, protection defaults) have been tried to reduce recurrence—and what stopped them from sticking?
      • If we could instrument one fault-prone section to capture full telemetry for 60 days, where would you put it and why?

      If We Could Snap Our Fingers — What’s the smallest change that moves the needle?

      • If you had to guarantee one measurable improvement on these circuits within 12 months, what would it be (reduction in SAIDI minutes, fewer customer interruptions, faster isolation time)? Options: % SAIDI reduction target, Reduction in customer minutes, Reduced number of sustained outages, Faster isolation/restoration time, Other
      • What budget guardrails, procurement cycles, or regulatory milestones would this small-change pilot need to align with?
      • What operational constraints would the installation team face (pole make-ready, switchgear ratings, outage windows, crew certifications)?
      • Who needs to be verbally onboard for a pilot to proceed (names/roles): distribution planning, operations shift lead, SCADA lead, IT security, regulator liaison?
      • What success metrics and acceptance evidence would convince the rest of the organization to scale this beyond a pilot? Options: SAIDI/SAIFI delta, Time-to-isolate reduction, Proof of stable comms, Successful DMS integration, Operational crew feedback, Other
  2. Outcome Discovery

    Define target reliability metrics (SAIDI/SAIFI), DER integration goals, budget guardrails, and acceptance criteria.

    Discovery Questions

    Quick Orientation: Where Are We Starting?

    • Which title best describes your primary role in deciding on distribution automation investments? Options: Distribution Engineering Manager, Grid Modernization Program Lead, VP/Director of Operations, System Planning Engineer, Regulatory Affairs / Policy, Procurement / Capital Planning, Other
    • Which geographic areas or specific circuits should we focus on for this conversation (names, feeders, or service territories)?
    • How urgent is it for your team to show measurable reliability improvement from automation on those circuits? Options: Immediate — this quarter, Near-term — 3–12 months, Planned — 12–24 months, Longer horizon — 2+ years
    • Who else outside your team needs to be convinced for a pilot or deployment to proceed (list roles or groups)?
    • In one sentence, what single outcome would make this initiative feel like a clear win for you?

    If Your Regulator Asked for Proof Tomorrow, What Would You Show?

    • When you think about regulatory scrutiny, what specific reliability metric or threshold keeps coming up in conversations or filings? Options: SAIDI, SAIFI, CAIDI, Momentary Interruption Rate (MIR), Customer Minutes Interrupted (CMI), Other / Multiple
    • What is your current baseline for those metrics on the target circuits (please list numbers or ranges)?
    • What target improvement would your regulators or leadership expect to justify automation investment? Options: <10% improvement, 10–25% improvement, 25–50% improvement, >50% improvement, Not yet defined
    • Are there financial incentives or penalties tied to those metrics today (e.g., performance-based rates, fines, reliability incentives)? Options: Yes — penalties, Yes — incentives, Both, None, Unsure
    • How do you currently prove the cause and duration of outages (manual logs, SCADA/DMS reports, customer complaints, automated event logs)? Options: SCADA/DMS event logs, Manual crew reports, Customer call data, OMS integration, Combination / Other

    Where the Grid Keeps You Up at Night

    • If you had to name the one recurring reliability problem you’d eliminate first, what would it be and why?
    • Which failure modes on these feeders generate the largest share of customer minutes interrupted? Options: Overhead conductor faults, Equipment failure (recloser,fuse,transformer), Vegetation/animal contacts, Transient faults that become permanent, Protection miscoordination, DER-related events/backfeed
    • How often do crews perform manual switching or sectionalizing to restore service on the circuits you care about? Options: Daily, Weekly, Monthly, Rarely, Never
    • Tell us about a recent outage that felt avoidable — what happened, who was impacted, and how did it feel internally?
    • What downstream effects does that recurring problem cause (customer complaints, lost revenue, regulatory inquiries, crew overtime, safety risks)? Options: Customer complaints / PR, Regulatory reporting, Increased O&M costs, Crew safety / fatigue, System instability, Other

    What DERs Are Doing That You Didn't Plan For

    • How often do distributed energy resources create operating conditions on these feeders that force you to deviate from standard restoration procedures? Options: Regularly — every week, Often — monthly, Occasionally — quarterly, Rarely, Never / Not applicable
    • What percentage of customer meters on your priority circuits are behind DERs (choose the best range)? Options: <5%, 5–15%, 15–30%, 30–50%, >50%, Unknown
    • Which kinds of DERs are most common and relevant to restoration/protection complexity? Options: Rooftop solar PV, Battery storage, EV chargers, Microgrids, Commercial/industrial generation, Other
    • How much visibility and control do you currently have over those DERs from your SCADA/DMS (none, partial, full)? Please give examples. Options: None, Limited (intermittent telemetry), Partial (some devices visible/control), Full visibility & control, Varies by vendor
    • Have DERs ever prevented a simple sectionalizing restoration or created a protection coordination problem? Tell the story.

    How Much Are You Willing to Spend to Stop Losing Sleep?

    • Do you have an initial budget guardrail for a pilot or first-phase automation rollout on these circuits? Options: <$50k per circuit, $50k–$200k per circuit, $200k–$500k per circuit, >$500k per circuit, No predefined guardrail
    • What types of funding vehicles are available or preferred for this work? Options: Capital (CAPEX), Operating (OPEX), Grants / Federal funding, Performance-based rate recovery, Third-party financing / ESCO, Other
    • What is the minimum acceptable payback or justification you require (e.g., % reliability improvement, annual O&M savings, avoided penalties)? Options: Specific % reliability improvement, Dollar ROI within X years, Operational efficiency / crew time saved, Regulatory compliance / avoidance of penalties, Not quantified yet
    • If a solution reliably delivered your target SAIDI/SAIFI improvement, how flexible would you be on budget to accelerate rollout? Options: Very flexible — accelerate now, Somewhat flexible — limited additional funds, Not flexible — must stay within current guardrail, Unsure
    • What procurement or approval steps typically delay funding decisions (board approval, rate case timing, vendor evaluation, inter-departmental alignment)? Options: Board/Executive sign-off, Rate case schedule, Capital budget cycles, Vendor qualification / testing, Regulatory review, Other

    What Would Real Success Feel Like to Your Operators?

    • Beyond headline SAIDI/SAIFI numbers, what operational behaviors would signal to your crews and control room that the system is genuinely more resilient? Options: Faster sectionalizing & restoration, Fewer manual switching actions, Clearer fault location, Reduced customer escalations, Automated reclose success rates, Other
    • What acceptance tests and evidence would you require before signing off on a deployment (end-to-end FLISR test, protection coordination validation, comms reliability tests, operator drills)? Options: End-to-end FLISR behavior, Protection coordination study results, Communications latency/reliability tests, Field acceptance test logs, Operator training & simulation, Other
    • Who in your organization will be the ultimate signatory for acceptance (operations director, engineering manager, regulatory, third-party inspector)? Options: Operations Director, Distribution Engineering Manager, System Planning, Regulatory Affairs, Third-party QA/Inspector, Other
    • How important is operator experience and training in acceptance — do you expect classroom + simulator + field training, or lighter refreshers? Options: Full training program (classroom+sim+field), Classroom + field only, Light refresher sessions, Train-the-trainer model, No strong preference yet
    • What failure or shortfall would be a deal-breaker even if other metrics improved? Describe non-negotiable constraints.

    Can Your Systems Talk to Our Equipment Without Holding Hands?

    • Which SCADA/DMS/EMS platforms do you operate that our devices must integrate with (vendor names and version if known)?
    • Which communications transports are acceptable or preferred for device connectivity on target feeders? Options: Fiber, Private RF / microwave, Public cellular (LTE/5G), Licensed radio, Powerline carrier, Satellite, Hybrid — combination
    • Which protocols do your systems require or prefer for device telemetry and control? Options: DNP3, IEC 61850 (GOOSE/MMS), Modbus, Proprietary, MQTT/REST APIs, Other
    • What are your minimum latency, packet-loss, and uptime expectations for field device comms that support FLISR? Options: <100 ms latency, <500 ms latency, <2 s latency, Uptime 99.9%+, Uptime 99%
    • Are there cybersecurity or NERC/CIP requirements we must meet (PKI, role-based access, encryption standards, audit logging)? Please specify. Options: NERC CIP, Internal security policy only, Vendor security review required, Third-party penetration test required, Other / Unsure
    • What data handoff formats and cadences do you need for performance reporting (raw event logs, aggregated reliability reports, near-real-time telemetry, daily summaries)? Options: Daily/weekly summaries, Custom API integration, Raw event logs (CSV/IEC), Aggregated reliability reports, Near-real-time telemetry stream

    If We Could Wave a Wand — What Would the Post-Project Day Look Like?

    • Imagine 18 months after deployment: what three measurable changes would make you tell leadership this project was a success? Options: X% reduction in SAIDI, X% reduction in SAIFI, Fewer manual switching events, Reduced crew overtime, Lower outage-related customer complaints, Faster mean time to restore (minutes)
    • How would customers, regulators, and field crews each notice the difference — what stories would they tell?
    • What ongoing operational model do you prefer after rollout (utility-owned operations, vendor-managed services, hybrid)? Options: Utility-owned operations, Vendor-managed services (O&M), Hybrid — vendor supports during warranty, Third-party integrator
    • What metrics or reporting cadence would keep leadership confident the outcomes are sustained (monthly dashboards, quarterly reviews, annual audits)? Options: Monthly dashboards, Quarterly executive reviews, Real-time alerts + monthly summary, Annual performance audit
    • What risks do you foresee in maintaining those outcomes after initial deployment (spare parts, staff turnover, firmware updates, funding for sustainment)? Options: Spare parts inventory, Staffing / turnover, Lifecycle firmware upgrades, Ongoing funding, Vendor support continuity, Other

    One Small, Low-Risk Step We Could Take Together

    • If we proposed a single pilot that would reduce outage minutes in a small area — which pilot scope would you prefer? Options: Single feeder FLISR pilot, Two-feeder comparative pilot, Targeted protection coordination + DER test, Communications reliability pilot only, Other
    • What would you require to call that pilot a success after 3–6 months (specific metrics, operator sign-off, customer impact evidence)?
    • What data, access, or approvals would we need from you to get a pilot running quickly? Options: Feeder models / protection settings, SCADA/DMS integration access, Site access for installation, Communications path details, Executive sponsorship / funding
    • What concerns would make you hesitate to start a pilot, and what would reduce those concerns?
    • Realistically, how soon could you be ready to greenlight a small pilot if the scope and budget aligned? Options: Immediately, Within 1–3 months, 3–6 months, 6–12 months, Longer / Unsure
    • Who should be on the core decision and technical team from your side to move from conversation to pilot execution?
  3. Solution Experience

    Validate how automated switching, sensing, and schemes deliver the customer’s outcomes using their circuits and failure modes.

    Experience Meetings

    • Current State Confirmation
    • Consequence & Target Outcomes Workshop
    • Circuit Failure-Mode Simulation & Diagnosis
    • Solution Experience — Live FLISR Walkthrough (Proof on Customer Circuits)
    • Pilot Definition, Acceptance Criteria & Mutual Commit
    • Engineering to itemize and prioritize any technical blockers uncovered during the live walkthrough.
    • Prove (or disprove) that automated switching and sensing can achieve the stated future-state metrics on each simulated scenario.
    • Identify specific technical gaps (telemetry, settings, communications) that must be closed to realize the outcome.
    • Produce a prioritized list of changes/controls required before a field pilot or live deployment.
    • Engineering team to produce simulation result packets (timelines, device logs, customer-restored counts) for each scenario.
    • Customer protection and relay engineers to review and comment on suggested setting changes from the simulation.
    • Agree on any additional scenarios to simulate before the live FLISR walkthrough.
    • Confirm Preconditions & Acceptance Criteria
    • Prove the future-state outcomes materially on customer circuits for prioritized failure modes.
    • Obtain explicit stakeholder validation (verbal or written) that the demonstrated behaviors meet the agreed acceptance criteria.
    • Document any remaining technical blockers and a clear path to resolve them during pilot preparation.
    • Facilitator to capture and circulate demo logs, timelines, and the customer's validation responses within 48 hours.
    • Introductions & Meeting Objectives
    • Customer to confirm participants and sign-off (or list objections) to proceed to pilot planning.
    • Pilot Scope & Equipment List
    • Produce a fully scoped pilot plan with clear acceptance criteria that map directly to the customer's future-state metrics.
    • Assign owners and dates for all pilot tasks so no ambiguity remains about responsibilities.
    • Secure a mutual commit to the pilot execution plan and a schedule for the first acceptance test window.
    • Draft and circulate the Pilot Statement of Work (scope, timeline, acceptance tests) for signatures.
    • Customer to confirm site access, crews, and any procurement or permitting required before installation.
    • Schedule the pilot kickoff and the first acceptance test window, and assign the data/reporting owner.
    • Agree on one crystal-clear current state sentence that will drive the Solution Experience.
    • Confirm the dataset (models, fault logs, protection settings, telemetry map) is complete or identify gaps and owners.
    • Establish who will provide any missing artifacts and by what date so the next meetings run against accurate inputs.
    • Customer to deliver circuit one-line(s), protection settings, recent fault logs, and telemetry map to the project folder.
    • Facilitator to draft and circulate the agreed one-sentence current state for written confirmation.
    • Assign data owners and deadlines for any missing artifacts required for simulations and live exercises.
    • Review Current-State Consequences
    • Make the consequence explicit in operational and financial terms for the selected circuits.
    • Produce clear, measurable future-state outcome statements (one-liners) tied to regulatory and customer metrics.
    • Agree on which circuits and failure modes will be used to prove value in the live experience and pilot.
    • Customer to deliver baseline SAIDI/SAIFI calculations and outage cost assumptions for the selected circuits.
    • Facilitator to convert future-state sentences into testable success metrics and provide an initial measurement plan.
    • Jointly finalize the list of fault modes (single-phase, multi-phase, DER backfeed, communications loss) to be simulated/demonstrated.
    • Scenario Selection & Hypotheses
    • One-sentence Current State Draft
    • Live Scenario 1: Isolation & Fast Restoration
    • Run Fault Simulation: Traditional Fault Cases
    • Regulatory & Customer Thresholds
    • Acceptance Test Scripts & Pass/Fail Criteria
    • Roles, Responsibilities & Timeline
    • Run Fault Simulation: DER-Influenced Cases
    • Define Future-State Outcome Statements
    • Telemetry, Topology & Protection Inventory Review
    • Validation Checkpoint 1
    • Live Scenario 2: DER Interaction & Edge Case Handling
    • Data Collection, Reporting & Regulatory Package
    • Set Quantitative Targets & Success Metrics
    • Diagnosis & Gap Analysis
    • Fault History & Stakeholder Impact Review
    • Validation Checkpoint 2 & Forced Confirmation
    • Mutual Commit & Next Milestones
    • Decision: Priority Circuits & Failure Modes
    • Pre-demo Data Validation & Missing Items
    • Capture Failures, Workarounds & Next Steps
  4. Solution Scope

    Specify equipment mix, communications architecture, integration points, installation responsibilities, and measurable deliverables.

    Scope Configuration

    • Supply and install pole‑mount automated recloser
    • Supply and install pad‑mount sectionalizing switch
    • Install line‑mounted fault circuit indicators
    • Install capacitor bank controller and wiring
    • Install voltage regulator controller and CT/VT wiring
    • Install pole‑top communications radio and antenna
    • Deploy substation communications gateway (protocol translator)
    • Integrate field devices into SCADA/DMS (DNP3/IEC 61850)
    • Commission devices and perform onsite acceptance testing
    • Program and deploy FLISR automation into the DMS
    • Perform device firmware upgrades and cybersecurity hardening
    • Deliver on‑site operator training for devices and DMS workflows

    Scope Questions

    Supply and install pole‑mount automated recloser

    • How many pole‑mount automated reclosers are you planning to deploy at initial rollout? Options: 1-5, 6-20, 21-50, 51+
    • What distribution voltage class do the target circuits use? Options: 5 kV-15 kV, 15 kV-35 kV, Other
    • Are the reclosers required to support sectionalizing, auto‑lockout, and auto‑self‑healing schemes? Options: Yes, No, Partially — specify in next field
    • If partially or custom, specify required protection functions and coordination rules (e.g., reclosing counts, lockout thresholds, fuse saving priorities).
    • Which communications methods are acceptable for these reclosers? Options: Cellular (LTE/5G), Private RF mesh, Utility fiber/leased line, Powerline carrier, Other
    • Who will be responsible for physical installation and commissioning of pole‑mount devices? Options: Vendor turnkey, Utility crews, Contractor hired by utility, Hybrid (specify)

    Supply and install pad‑mount sectionalizing switch

    • How many pad‑mount sectionalizing switches are in scope for the initial phase? Options: 1-5, 6-20, 21-50, 51+
    • What enclosure and environmental ratings are required (e.g., NEMA type, IK rating, salt fog)?
    • Are there specific fault current / interrupting rating requirements for the switches? Options: Yes — provide values in next field, No — standard utility ratings acceptable
    • Please provide required maximum fault current and continuous ampacity (or attach spec).
    • Do these pad‑mount devices need integrated communications and remote telemetry out of the box? Options: Yes — include radio/PLC, No — telemetry via nearby pole device, Optional
    • Will transformer ownership, clearances, or pad/grounding upgrades be required at installation sites? Options: Yes, No, Unknown — site survey required

    Install line‑mounted fault circuit indicators

    • How many line‑mounted fault indicators are targeted and on what conductor types (ACSR, AAAC, covered conductor)?
    • Is real‑time communications required for each indicator or is periodic data collection sufficient? Options: Real‑time, Periodic (polling), No communications required
    • Which reporting/trip data is required from indicators (fault time, magnitude, direction, GPS location)? Options: Fault time, Magnitude, Fault direction, GPS location, Other
    • Are the indicators expected to integrate into the FLISR logic (yes/no) or only for crew location and analytics? Options: Integrate into FLISR, Crew location/analytics only, Both
    • Are pole conditions and mounting accessories (brackets, insulated standoffs) required to be supplied as part of the scope? Options: Yes — supply mounting hardware, No — utility will provide mounts, Site survey to confirm

    Install capacitor bank controller and wiring

    • Is the capacitor bank existing or new? If existing, provide current controller type. Options: New bank to be supplied, Existing bank — replace controller, Existing controller — retain
    • What control functions are required (automatic step switching, time scheduling, volt‑var control, remote ON/OFF)? Options: Automatic step switching, Time scheduling, Volt‑var control, Remote ON/OFF, Other
    • Are CTs/VTs available on the bank for required metering and control, or does wiring and instrument transformer installation need to be included? Options: CT/VTs present, CT/VTs required to be installed, Unknown — site survey required
    • What communications protocol and media are required for the controller (DNP3, Modbus, IEC 61850, cellular, RF)? Options: DNP3, Modbus, IEC 61850, Proprietary, Cellular, RF mesh, Other
    • Define acceptance criteria for capacitor bank performance (voltage banding, response time to setpoint, switching cycle limits).

    Install voltage regulator controller and CT/VT wiring

    • How many voltage regulator controllers are required and what regulator types (line‑drop compensator, LTC, pole‑mounted regulator)?
    • Are CT/VT secondary wiring and instrument transformers present at each regulator site or must they be supplied and wired? Options: Present and accessible, Must be supplied and wired, Partial — some sites need them
    • Should controllers support advanced functions (CVR, volt/var coordination, remote setpoint control)? Options: Yes — CVR, Yes — volt/var coordination, Yes — remote setpoint, No — basic control only
    • Preferred communications and telemetry protocol for regulators (DNP3, IEC 61850, Modbus, other)? Options: DNP3, IEC 61850, Modbus, Proprietary, Other
    • Who will perform protection and tap coordination studies and approve regulator settings? Options: Vendor, Utility engineering, Third‑party consultant, Joint approval

    Install pole‑top communications radio and antenna

    • Which communications technologies are under consideration for pole‑top radios? Options: Licensed private RF, Unlicensed mesh (900 MHz/2.4 GHz), Cellular backhaul, LoRa/LPWAN, Other
    • Do radios need to support secure tunnels and specific protocols (DNP3 over TLS, IEC 61850 Goose, MQTT)? Options: Yes — specify protocols, No — basic IP only, Optional
    • Are there line‑of‑sight or topographic constraints that require directional antennas or tower mounts? Options: Yes — directional/towers required, No — omni antennas acceptable, Unknown — site survey required
    • Will power for radios be drawn from device battery, pole service, or separate solar/battery systems? Options: Device internal battery, Pole service AC, Solar + battery, Other
    • Any cybersecurity or vendor hardening standards to meet for radios (NERC CIP, IEC 62443, utility policy)? Options: NERC CIP, IEC 62443, Utility policy, No specific standard, Other

    Deploy substation communications gateway (protocol translator)

    • Does the substation gateway need to translate between which protocols? Options: DNP3 <-> IEC 61850, Modbus <-> DNP3, Proprietary <-> DNP3/IEC 61850, Other
    • Will the gateway be installed in an existing substation rack or require new panel space and AC/DC provisioning? Options: Existing rack space available, New panel space required, Unknown — site visit required
    • Is redundancy/high‑availability required for the gateway (dual units, hot standby)? Options: Yes — redundant, No — single unit, Optional
    • What SCADA/DMS vendor(s) and versions will the gateway need to interoperate with?
    • Are certificate management, PKI integration, or specific encryption requirements needed for SCADA links? Options: Yes — PKI/certificates, Yes — pre‑shared keys, No special requirements, Unknown

    Integrate field devices into SCADA/DMS (DNP3/IEC 61850)

    • Which DMS/SCADA platform and version will be the primary integration target?
    • Which protocols are required for each device class (map devices to protocol: recloser, switch, controller)?
    • Will the utility require object mapping, data model alignment, and point naming standards (e.g., IEEE C37.118, utility naming convention)? Options: Yes — utility naming standard, No — vendor defaults acceptable, Partial — will provide guidance
    • Is on‑site integration and DMS acceptance testing required, or can integration be performed remotely before site commissioning? Options: On‑site required, Remote acceptable, Hybrid
    • Who owns change control for DMS schema and SCADA objects during integration (vendor, utility, third‑party)? Options: Vendor, Utility, Third‑party integrator, Joint control

    Commission devices and perform onsite acceptance testing

    • What acceptance tests are mandatory for you (mechanical, electrical, communications, protection functional tests)? Options: Mechanical checks, Electrical functional tests, Communications verification, Protection and relay testing, Other
    • Do you require witnessing of acceptance tests by utility staff or regulatory/third‑party inspectors? Options: Yes — utility staff, Yes — third‑party, No — vendor test report sufficient
    • What criteria define pass/fail for acceptance (e.g., successful DNP3 point updates within X seconds, protection trip times within Y ms)?
    • Are test procedures and checklists required to be provided in advance for review? Options: Yes — provide prior to commissioning, No — standard vendor procedures OK
    • Will the utility provide grounding/test equipment and site access or should vendor bring required tools and safety equipment? Options: Utility provides, Vendor provides, Shared — specify

    Program and deploy FLISR automation into the DMS

    • Does the utility already have FLISR logic blocks or do we need to design new automation schemes? Options: Existing FLISR — integrate, Design and implement new FLISR, Hybrid — modify existing
    • What is the desired FLISR behavior (islanded restoration, automated sectionalizing, customer prioritization rules)? Options: Automated sectionalizing, Partial islanding, Customer priority restoration, Other
    • Which failure modes must the FLISR solution handle (single‑phase fault, multi‑phase fault, sustained outage, momentary interruptions)? Options: Single‑phase fault, Multi‑phase fault, Sustained outage, Momentary
    • What performance metrics and SLAs are required for FLISR response (e.g., detection to restore within X minutes, percent of faults auto‑restored)?
    • Who will own coordination of automation rules and approve simulations—utility operations, distribution engineering, or a third party? Options: Utility operations, Distribution engineering, Third‑party consultant, Joint approval

    Perform device firmware upgrades and cybersecurity hardening

    • Do devices need to meet specific cybersecurity standards (NERC CIP, IEC 62443, utility policy)? Options: NERC CIP, IEC 62443, Utility policy, None specified, Other
    • Is bulk firmware upgrade capability required remotely, and must upgrade windows be restricted to scheduled maintenance windows? Options: Remote bulk upgrades required, Local only, Must adhere to scheduled windows
    • Are device inventories and firmware baseline reports required as deliverables? Options: Yes — full inventory and baseline, No — not required, Partial
    • Will PKI/certificate provisioning, secure boot, and image signing be part of the hardening scope? Options: Yes — include PKI/cert provisioning, No — other mechanisms, Unknown — need utility guidance
    • Who will be responsible for ongoing vulnerability management and future patching—vendor managed service or utility IT operations? Options: Vendor managed, Utility IT, Joint model

    Deliver on‑site operator training for devices and DMS workflows

    • Which audiences should be trained (field crews, protection engineers, system operators, IT/SCADA)? Options: Field crews, Protection engineers, System operators, IT/SCADA, All of the above
    • Preferred training format(s) and duration (classroom, hands‑on lab, on‑the‑job, half‑day, full‑day, multi‑day)? Options: Classroom, Hands‑on lab, On‑the‑job, Half‑day, Full‑day, Multi‑day
    • Do you require course materials, operator manuals, and test scenarios to be delivered electronically and in hard copy? Options: Electronic only, Electronic + hard copy, Electronic + LMS upload, Other
  5. Mutual Commit

    Finalize commercial and regulatory justification packages, acceptance tests, milestones, and mutual obligations.

    Agreement Modules

    • Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA)
    • Master Services Agreement (MSA)
    • Statement of Work (SOW)
    • Service Level Agreement (SLA)
    • Acceptance Test Protocol (ATP)
    • Commercial Terms & Pricing Schedule
    • Payment & Milestone Schedule
    • Regulatory Justification & Cost-Recovery Package
    • Performance Guarantees & Warranty
    • Insurance, Bonds & Liability Coverage
    • Change Order & Scope Management
    • Integration & Interface Agreement
    • Cybersecurity & Compliance Attestation
    • Site Access, Permits & Installation Responsibilities
    • Training, Operations & Maintenance Handover
    • Spare Parts, Inventory & Logistics Commitments
    • Termination, Exit & Post-Contract Support
    • Renewal & Future Enhancements Agreement
  6. Deployment

    Operationalize rollout with readiness checks, enablement, and outcome validation.

    1. Pre-Deployment Readiness

      Confirm data handoffs, site access, inventories, cybersecurity prerequisites, and test plans prior to mobilization.

      Readiness Questions

      Let's Start With Who You Are

      • What's your role and primary responsibility for distribution automation initiatives? Options: Distribution Engineering Manager, Grid Modernization Program Lead, VP of Operations, Protection Engineer, SCADA/OT Manager, Asset Management/Capital Planning, Regulatory/Policy Lead, Other
      • Which programs or projects are you currently accountable for that intersect with grid reliability or DER integration?
      • Who are the other decision-makers and approvers we should plan to engage (roles, not names)? Options: Operations Director, IT/Cybersecurity Lead, Procurement/Contracts, Regulatory Affairs, Field Work Management, Finance/CFO, Local Municipality/Permitting, Other
      • What timeline pressure are you operating under (regulatory deadlines, grant timelines, board commitments)? Options: Immediate (0–3 months), Near-term (3–12 months), 12–24 months, Multi-year program, No fixed timeline / exploratory
      • What would you say keeps your leadership team tuned-in and willing to fund distribution automation? Options: Regulatory mandates, Customer complaints/penalties, High-profile outages, Operational cost savings, DER interconnection needs, Other

      If Reliability Could Talk, What Would It Say?

      • Imagine SAIDI/SAIFI could tell a story about your network — what's the single complaint it would make? Options: Frequent short outages, Few long-duration outages, Problem hotspots on specific feeders, Intermittent comms and telemetry gaps, Protection miscoordination causing outages, DER-related events causing instability, Other
      • What are your current baseline reliability numbers (latest annual or rolling 12-month SAIDI and SAIFI)?
      • Which circuits or geographic areas create the most reliability pain and why?
      • Roughly how much of your outage volume is caused by transient faults (animals, vegetation, lightning) versus permanent faults (equipment failure, broken conductors)? Options: Mostly transient, Mostly permanent, Even split, Unknown / not tracked
      • When reliability issues occur, what are the downstream impacts that matter most to your stakeholders (regulatory penalties, call volume, truck rolls, safety incidents, political pressure)? Options: Regulatory reporting/penalties, High customer complaint volume, Increased truck rolls, Public safety concerns, Loss of critical customers, Other

      What Keeps You Up at 2 AM?

      • What single event or failure mode would make you scramble immediately and why?
      • Which operational scenarios are most likely to cascade into larger outages in your system? Options: Communications backbone outage, Protection miscoordination after DER penetration, Multiple device failures in same area, SCADA/DMS integration loss, Severe weather-driven damage, Other
      • Have you experienced reverse power flow or DER-induced protection challenges on any feeders? If yes, describe frequency and impact. Options: No, Yes — occasional with minor impacts, Yes — frequent with operational impacts, Yes — caused protection events
      • In those high-stress events, how long does it typically take your team to identify the fault and restore service? Options: <30 minutes, 30–90 minutes, 1–4 hours, 4–12 hours, >12 hours
      • Tell us about one incident that exposed a capability gap — what happened and what felt most frustrating?

      Where Our Tech Might Be Wrong — Tell Us Why

      • When you hear 'automated switching' or 'FLISR', what instinctive objections or doubts come to mind?
      • Which common criticisms of automation have you seen in practice (select all that resonate)? Options: Too many nuisance operations, Interoperability issues with SCADA/DMS, Unclear protection coordination, Comms reliability concerns, High maintenance burden, Regulatory acceptance challenges, Other
      • How do you currently verify vendor performance claims (pilot projects, reference site visits, lab testing, third-party validation)? Options: Pilot deployment, Reference checks and site visits, Vendor lab or factory tests, Third-party independent studies, RFP contractual performance requirements, We mainly rely on vendor data
      • Describe a past integration pain point with SCADA, DMS, or work management systems and the downstream impact.
      • How much confidence does your operations team have in remote automatic actions versus manual dispatcher control? Options: High confidence — embrace automation, Cautious — use automation with human oversight, Low confidence — prefer manual control, Mixed opinions across teams

      Imagine the Grid After a Year — What's Different?

      • If this automation program were an undeniable success in 12 months, what would be the most visible change for your customers or regulators?
      • What reliability improvement targets would make this program a clear win for you (select ranges)? Options: SAIDI reduction 5–10%, SAIDI reduction 10–25%, SAIFI reduction 5–10%, SAIFI reduction 10–25%, Other KPI targets (describe)
      • Beyond SAIDI/SAIFI, which KPIs should we measure to prove value (pick all that matter)? Options: Average restoration time, Number of customers restored automatically, Truck-rolls avoided, Customer minutes saved, DER interconnection throughput, O&M cost per device, Other
      • What outcomes would make your regulators and executive sponsors publicly supportive?
      • How would your operations staff know the program is successful day-to-day — what behavior or dashboard change would they celebrate?

      Budget, Risk, and Political Reality

      • If you had to explain the ROI to a skeptical CFO in one sentence, what would you say — and what would they push back on?
      • Which procurement/financial model do you prefer for automation (select all that are possible)? Options: Capital purchase, Performance-based contract, Vendor-managed services, Lease/finance, Grant-funded pilot, Other
      • What budget band do you expect for a typical automated device plus comms and integration (per device installed)? Options: <$5k, $5k–$15k, $15k–$30k, $30k–$60k, >$60k, Not sure / varies
      • What are the top three risks (technical, regulatory, financial, political) that would derail this program?
      • How important is having regulator-ready documentation (cost-benefit, reliability impact) to getting approval? Options: Critical — must have, Helpful but not required, Nice-to-have, Not necessary

      What's Ready — And What's Not — For Deployment?

      • If we attempted to mobilize tomorrow, what single thing would stop field crews from installing devices?
      • Which of these site readiness items are already in place on targeted feeders? Options: Permits and site access, Pole inventory and loading data, Communications coverage (cell/mesh/SCADA), Spare equipment inventory, Protection coordination studies, None of the above
      • Do you have a current communications architecture that supports real-time DNP3/IEC 61850 telemetry to DMS/SCADA? Options: Yes — fully implemented, Partially — some feeders only, Planned but not implemented, No
      • What cybersecurity or OT policies must vendors meet before devices can be commissioned on your network?
      • Are protection coordination studies and acceptance test plans already scoped for pilot circuits? Options: Complete and approved, Scoped but not complete, Not started, Unsure

      Decision & Next Steps — Who Owns What?

      • If we reached alignment today, what would be the smallest, fastest pilot that proves momentum — and who has authority to greenlight it?
      • What pilot scope would you find most credible (select one)? Options: Single feeder FLISR pilot, Multi-feeder integrated pilot with DMS, Comms-only reliability pilot, Device performance-only pilot, Other
      • Who will be the day-to-day owner for vendor coordination, and who is the executive sponsor we should update?
      • What initial data handoffs are required to start design (schematics, protection curves, fault history, GIS, telemetry maps)? Options: Single-line diagrams/SCADA points, Protection curves/settings, Fault and outage history, Field device inventory/GIS, Work management constraints, All of the above
      • How do you prefer we communicate progress and issues during discovery and pilot (weekly sync, shared channel, formal reports)? Options: Weekly working meeting, Bi-weekly executive summary, Shared collaboration channel (Slack/Teams), As-needed escalation, Other
      • Given your priorities and constraints, what would be the ideal date to begin a pilot or detailed design? Options: Immediate (within 30 days), Next quarter (1–3 months), Within 6 months, Later than 6 months, TBD after internal review
    2. Deployment Enablement

      Schedule crews, coordinate with utility work management and field support, and execute installations with clear owners.

    3. Validation Checklist

      Verify protection coordination, FLISR behavior, communications performance, and acceptance metrics against test results.

      Validation Questions

      Getting the Lay of the Land

      • Tell us about your role and the team who will engage in this project—titles, responsibilities, and how decisions get made.
      • Which parts of your network are you focusing on first? Options: Rural feeders, Suburban feeders, Urban feeders, Backbone/primary circuits, Specific pilot feeder(s) already identified, System-wide initiative
      • What is the single highest-priority objective you need automation to deliver in the next 12–24 months? Options: Reduce SAIDI, Reduce SAIFI, Integrate DERs safely, Reduce truck rolls, Meet regulatory order, Lower O&M costs, Improve customer communications, Other
      • What formal drivers (regulatory orders, internal KPIs, grant funding, board directives) are shaping budget and timeline expectations today? Options: Regulatory mandate/penalty, Board-approved grid modernization plan, Grant or federal funding, Capital plan window, Operations reliability KPI, None formalized yet, Other
      • Where are you in the decision process right now? Options: Just exploring options, Defining scope and pilot, Running technical evaluations, Soliciting proposals, Vendor selection in progress, Funding approved, procurement next
      • Who are the internal stakeholders we must align with for this to succeed (names not required—roles are fine)? Options: Distribution Engineering, Grid Operations, IT/Cybersecurity, Regulatory Affairs, Capital Planning/Finance, Field Operations, Customer Experience/Call Center, Other

      Are We Comfortable With the Current Definition of 'Reliable'?

      • What if your current reliability targets (SAIDI/SAIFI) are no longer sufficient because DERs are changing fault behavior—what happens if you don’t shift those targets?
      • What are your current target and baseline values for SAIDI and SAIFI (or other metrics you track)?
      • Have you experienced recent regulatory scrutiny or customer complaints tied to reliability metrics? Options: Yes—formal regulatory action, Yes—intense stakeholder inquiries, Customer complaints but no formal action, No significant scrutiny yet, Unsure
      • How would missing your reliability targets affect capital allocations, public perception, or executive attention?
      • Which reliability improvements are most persuasive to your regulators and boards: percent reduction in SAIDI/SAIFI, minutes saved per outage, customer counts restored faster, or financial ROI? Options: % reduction SAIDI/SAIFI, Minutes saved per outage, Customers restored faster, Reduction in truck rolls/ops cost, Clear financial ROI, Other

      What Keeps You Up at Night When the Grid Fails?

      • Imagine a simultaneous fault during high DER export—what outcome scares you most for operations, safety, or compliance?
      • What are your top three root causes of major outages in the last 24 months? Options: Equipment failure, Vegetation/contact, Protection miscoordination, Communications failure, DER-related events, Third-party damage, Weather/extreme events, Other
      • When a protection or automation action goes wrong, what downstream effects do you see most often (customer calls, cascading outages, regulator inquiries, safety near-misses)? Options: Customer calls/complaints, Cascading outages, Extended restoration times, Regulatory reporting/investigation, Safety incidents/near-misses, Media attention
      • How long have these kinds of reliability failures been occurring, and have they changed in frequency or intensity recently? Options: Less than 1 year, 1–3 years, 3–5 years, More than 5 years, Not sure
      • Tell us about the last event that felt avoidable—what happened and why do you think it stuck with your team?
      • Which customer segments worry you most when outages happen (critical infrastructure, commercial customers, high-density residential, vulnerable populations)? Options: Critical infrastructure (hospitals, water), Large commercial/industrial, High-density residential, Rural single customers, Vulnerable populations, All equally

      What Assumptions Are We Making That Could Be Wrong?

      • We often assume communications, telemetry, and protection settings are 'good enough'—where has that assumption led to surprises for you?
      • Describe the current state of your field telemetry and control: how many feeders have line sensors, automated reclosers, or advanced fault indicators? Options: None / minimal, Some devices on select feeders, Most feeders covered, System-wide deployment, Unknown / data inconsistent
      • Which communication layers do you currently rely on for automation and telemetry? Options: Cellular (3G/4G/5G), Private RF mesh, Utility fiber, Commercial fiber/leased, Satellite, Hybrid mix, None/comms unreliable
      • How confident are you in your protection coordination when DERs are exporting power back onto the feeder? Options: Very confident, Somewhat confident, Neutral/unsure, Somewhat concerned, Very concerned
      • What integration constraints exist with your SCADA/DMS or outage management system that might limit automation benefits? Options: Protocol mismatch (non-DNP3/61850), Limited tag mapping, Slow telemetry rates, No spare interfaces, Strict cybersecurity policies, None/ready
      • Where does data quality break down today—missing time-series, incorrect asset data, inconsistent feeder models—and how long has that been happening?

      If This Worked Perfectly, What Would Your Day-to-Day Look Like?

      • If FLISR and automation cut your average outage duration in half, how would operations, customer service, and planning teams use the freed capacity?
      • What measurable outcomes would prove success to you—select primary and secondary metrics. Options: % reduction SAIDI, % reduction SAIFI, Minutes saved per outage, Reduced number of customers affected, Fewer truck rolls, Faster fault location, Improved DER ride-through
      • Which user experiences matter most after deployment—real-time dashboards, automated alarms, one-click restoration actions, or operator training and SOPs? Options: Real-time dashboards, Automated alarms/alerts, One-click restoration actions, Improved outage mapping for crews, Comprehensive operator training, Other
      • What acceptance criteria would your operations team require during commissioning (protection pass/fail thresholds, latency limits, successful trip/restore scenarios)?
      • How would you prefer to validate reliability gains—pilot on a high-impact feeder, statistically significant multi-feeder trial, or vendor-provided field data from other utilities? Options: Single high-impact feeder pilot, Multi-feeder statistical trial, Reference deployments/benchmarks, Third-party validation, Combination
      • What would make operators feel genuinely comfortable that automation is an aid—not a risk—to daily operations?

      The Tradeoffs You're Willing to Make

      • If you had to choose, would you prioritize lower upfront cost (CAPEX), lower ongoing cost (OPEX), or fastest time-to-value—and why? Options: Lower CAPEX, Lower OPEX, Fastest time-to-value, Balanced approach, Undecided
      • What is an acceptable installed cost per automated device (ballpark) for you to still justify deployment on a reliability basis? Options: <$5k, $5k–$10k, $10k–$20k, >$20k, Cost depends on outcomes/ROI analysis
      • How important is vendor-provided field support (turnkey installation and commissioning) vs. your crews doing the work? Options: Vendor turnkey preferred, Shared responsibility, Our crews primarily, Undecided
      • What lifecycle or warranty terms are non-negotiable for you (e.g., 5-year warranty, spare-part guarantees, firmware support)? Options: 5-year warranty, 7+ year warranty, Spares depot/local inventory, Long-term firmware/security updates, On-site support SLAs, Other
      • Would you accept phased benefits (pilot showing partial gains before full rollout) or do you need near-immediate full performance guarantees? Options: Phased benefits OK, Need immediate guarantees, Prefer hybrid—pilot with clear ramp, Undecided
      • What cost/benefit evidence will convince your finance team—simple payback, total cost of ownership, regulatory risk mitigation value, or third-party verification? Options: Simple payback, TCO analysis, Regulatory value justification, Third-party verification, Other

      Integration & Operations: Who's Going to Own What?

      • If an automated scheme isolates a customer during a complex event, who should own the post-event review and customer communication? Options: Operations/Dispatch, Distribution Engineering, Customer Service, Joint cross-functional team, Undecided
      • Who will be responsible for protection coordination studies, and how often do you update protection settings today? Options: Distribution Engineering (in-house), Third-party engineering firm, Vendor-led with utility sign-off, Rarely updated, No formal cadence
      • Which system will be the source-of-truth for device status and events (DMS, SCADA, ADMS, OMS, or combination)? Options: DMS/ADMS, SCADA, OMS/Outage system, Mixed—needs mapping, None clearly defined
      • How do IT and OT collaborate today on cybersecurity, device onboarding, and communications change control? Options: Tight collaboration/processes exist, Some collaboration but gaps, Siloed with poor coordination, Cyber team sets hard constraints
      • What training and operational changes would you expect to deliver to field crews and dispatchers as part of deployment? Options: Formal classroom training, On-site ride-alongs, Simulation exercises, SOP updates and job-aids, All of the above, None planned
      • What incident/handoff process would make you comfortable for day-1 operations after commissioning (escalation paths, rollback plan, 30/60/90 day review)?

      Next Steps & Decision Criteria

      • What is the single outcome that would make you say 'yes' to a pilot within 90 days?
      • Which pilot scope would be most persuasive to your stakeholders? Options: Single feeder high-impact pilot, Two feeders with contrasting topology, Multi-feeder statistical pilot, Device-level functional pilot (lab/field), Proof-of-concept integrated with DMS
      • What approval gates must we clear (technical review, finance, legal, regulatory notice) and who holds each gate?
      • What reference materials or evidence do you need from us to make a decision (field data from peers, technical whitepaper, TCO model, cybersecurity documentation)? Options: Field deployment case studies, SAIDI/SAIFI improvement data, TCO/payback model, Cybersecurity certification and pen-test reports, Integration diagrams & API specs, Support & training plan
      • What are the top three risks you see to executing a pilot successfully, and how would you like us to mitigate them?
      • Realistically, what is your ideal pilot start date and the procurement/approval timeline to hit it? Options: Within 30 days, 30–60 days, 60–120 days, 3–6 months, Later than 6 months
      • Would a joint readiness checklist (technical, ops, legal, cybersecurity) be useful to align teams before mobilization? Options: Yes—please provide, Maybe—depends on scope, No—we have our own process
  7. Success

    Review achieved reliability and integration outcomes, capture lessons learned, and maintain a shared channel for issues and enhancements.

    Success Reviews

    • Outcomes Review — Reliability & Integration
    • Lessons Learned — Technical & Field
    • Operational Acceptance & Handover
    • Regulatory & Commercial Closeout
    • Continuous Improvement & Shared Channel Kickoff

    Issues & Enhancements

    • Identify any conditional deliverables that block regulatory sign-off and assign owners.
    • Publish a concise Lessons Learned document with action owners and due dates.
    • Revise the commissioning checklist and distribute to field teams and customer engineering.
    • Create prioritized product tickets for any firmware/hardware fixes discovered.
    • Handover Scope & Roles
    • Complete formal operational acceptance with documented runbooks, dashboards configured, and users provisioned.
    • Establish alarm-to-ticket mapping and escalation SLAs so incidents are handled consistently.
    • Ensure operations feel confident to operate and troubleshoot without vendor intervention for Tier-1 events.
    • Deliver final runbook package and recorded runbook walkthroughs to operations repository.
    • Provision dashboard access for named operations users and verify permissions.
    • Publish escalation contact list and SLA matrix into the shared channel.
    • Commercial Reconciliation
    • Secure approvals for regulatory submission and confirm commercial reconciliation steps to close the project financials.
    • Agree on a repeatable benefits reporting cadence and responsible owners for continued measurement.
    • Introductions & Meeting Objectives
    • Finalize and file the regulatory justification package and archive supporting evidence.
    • Complete invoice reconciliation and list any retained amounts with release conditions.
    • Schedule the first benefits-status report for the agreed cadence and owner.
    • Purpose & Access
    • Stand up a secure shared channel with access, triage workflow, and agreed SLAs for issues and enhancements.
    • Create a prioritized backlog template and agree first 90-day improvement initiatives.
    • Schedule the recurring quarterly improvement review and assign owners for cadence management.
    • Create the shared channel (Teams/Slack) with named access and post initial onboarding documentation.
    • Publish the triage workflow, SLA definitions, and backlog template into the channel.
    • Open tickets for the agreed first-90-day initiatives and assign owners and target dates.
    • Validate measured reliability improvements against agreed acceptance criteria and secure sign-off or identify gaps for remediation.
    • Confirm integration performance with SCADA/DMS and identify any telemetry or event reconciliation issues requiring action.
    • Produce a clear list of remaining deltas, owners, and timelines to close them.
    • Produce final Outcomes Report with SAIDI/SAIFI charts, event timelines, and integration logs; circulate to stakeholders.
    • Create remediation tickets for any acceptance gaps with owners and target dates.
    • Schedule a short follow-up verification meeting after remediation completion (date TBD).
    • Brief Recap of Deployment Scope
    • Capture a prioritized set of technical and field lessons with clear owners and timelines.
    • Update commissioning and installation checklists to eliminate repeat issues on future sites.
    • Feed high-impact product issues into the vendor backlog and agree on target delivery windows.
    • Field Installation Variances
    • Current State (one-sentence)
    • Triage Workflow & SLAs
    • Regulatory Submission Package
    • Monitoring Dashboards & KPIs
    • Runbook & Playbook Walkthrough
    • Backlog Template & Prioritization Criteria
    • Consequence Summary
    • Benefit Realization & ROI
    • Protection Coordination & Settings Lessons
    • Alarm Thresholds, Ticketing & Escalations
    • Measured Outcomes — Reliability Metrics
    • Communications & Telemetry Findings
    • Approval & Sign-Off Items
    • Quarterly Review Cadence
    • First 90-Day Focus Areas
    • Integration Performance — SCADA/DMS & Comms
    • Training & Access Provisioning
    • Commissioning Checklist Updates
    • Reporting Cadence
    • Proof Points & Root-Cause Walkthroughs
    • Product/Process Backlog & Prioritization
    • Future State Confirmation
    • Next Steps & Owner Alignment
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