Reservoir Engineering
Capital-intensive extraction and processing programs where safety, regulation, and supply chain complexity define execution.
This interactive experience is the shipped product itself — the same application code customers run in production, mounted read-only in your browser over a real sample journey. Not a video, not a mockup: because the demo and the product are one codebase, it can never drift from the real thing.
Inside this journey
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Engagement Discovery
Align on business objectives, target reserve and forecasting questions, timelines, and key stakeholders.
Discovery Questions
How this engagement started and the timeline you have in mind
- How did this engagement first come up, and which internal trigger made it urgent?
- Who on your leadership team will feel the biggest impact if this study slips past the target date?
- When does your board or sponsor expect an independent reserve estimate in hand?
- Which single deliverable would you view as non negotiable for an engagement like this?
- Describe any hard deadlines, regulatory filings, or deal milestones we must align to
Where the current numbers are breaking expectations
- What single forecasting failure over the last 12 months would prompt your sponsor to demand an independent review today?
- Walk me through the most recent example where actual production materially missed the plan, what happened, and why it stuck with you
- How many wells or pads are currently producing below plan, and for how many months has that persisted on average?
- Who notices the financial or covenant impact first when a reserve or production swing occurs?
- Estimate a typical dollar or valuation impact for a 10 percent swing in booked reserves in this asset
Hidden modeling assumptions that change decisions
- If a core modeling assumption is off, which single assumption would change your development plan the most?
- Which reservoir or completion data set do you feel least confident in right now, and why?
- Walk me through the last time you revalidated a well test or core to log calibration, who led it and what changed?
- When you adjust fracture spacing or relative permeability in your models, how do your key economic metrics tend to move?
- Name the role or person who currently owns your modeling methodology and would need to validate our proposed approach
The other options on the table and why they might win
- List the alternatives you are actively considering right now, including incumbent consultants, internal delivery, or other external firms
- What would have to be true of your current approach for you to keep it rather than switch to a new partner?
- Has anyone inside your team proposed solving this without an outside partner, and if so which function would lead it?
- Rank the importance of execution speed, cost, and independence when choosing between options
- If you chose internal delivery, what single internal constraint typically prevents it from succeeding?
Operational readiness, data access, and gating risks
- Identify the single missing data set or access issue that would block us from starting within your target timeline
- Where are your time series production files, completion files, and test reports currently stored, and in what format?
- Name the person or role authorized to approve data releases, and typical lead time for that approval
- Estimate the percent of wells in this asset that have digitized completion reports and test summaries
- Are there regulatory approvals, confidentiality gates, or third party vendor agreements that commonly delay data handover?
- Would the inability to provide full production histories for the two oldest wells within two weeks halt the engagement?
Defining scope, ownership, and the acceptance bar
- List the one acceptance criterion that would cause your sponsor to refuse sign off
- Describe the responsibilities you expect the seller to own versus what your team will keep during delivery
- Select the primary deliverable format your investment committee expects
- State your preferred cadence for model runs, review workshops, and decision checkpoints during history matching
- Should a first round of scenarios fail to reproduce key production trends, would you require a pause and scope reset or an iterative technical remediation?
Delivery execution practicals and communication norms
- Imagine the model diverges from production after month six, what consequence would force you to stop the engagement?
- Identify the team members who must be available for weekly technical standups and decision calls
- Do you have a dedicated reservoir engineer or analyst who can provide day to day feedback during history matching?
- Provide your typical response SLAs for technical review comments and approval cycles
- Confirm the role that will run the acceptance checklist on your side and their escalation path
- Can you commit to an alternate reviewer if key subject matter experts are unavailable during your deal window?
How you will judge success after handover
- Point to the single success signal that would make you re hire this seller for future assets
- Within what window do you expect to begin validating the forecast in operations after delivery?
- Explain the process you will use to log issues, enhancement requests, and model change history post handover
- Should early production deviate from the model by more than 15 percent, would you prefer an immediate recalibration or an advisory review first?
Next steps, commitments, and decision accelerators
- Specify the single commercial commitment or authorization that would allow us to begin work within your target window
- Confirm the person or role who will sign commercial terms and data access on your side
- Provide an estimated lead time for your legal team to review confidentiality and data access agreements
- Are there internal budget approval gates or signature requirements that must clear before final invoicing?
- Given we hit all milestones on time, what single issue would prevent you from issuing final acceptance that week?
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Data & Working Workshops
Run structured technical sessions to inventory data, validate inputs, and surface geological and operational constraints.
Working Meetings
- Data Inventory Kickoff and Access Plan
- Data Quality and Key Input Validation Workshop
- Geological and Operational Constraints Mapping
- Modeling Readiness and Scenario Inputs Alignment
- Confirm the start date for model construction and circulate the escalation path for any new data blockers.
- Review mapped structural and stratigraphic uncertainties
- A constraints matrix that links geological and operational limits to modeling parameters is produced and accepted.
- Top uncertainty sources that require additional data or sensitivity testing are identified and prioritized.
- A list of specific data items or field information needed to reduce the highest impact uncertainties is agreed.
- Publish the constraints matrix with impact ratings and recommended data collection or tests.
- Provide missing completion run tickets, stimulation reports, or field notes required to clarify top uncertainties.
- Schedule any follow-up field interviews or datasets needed to close the highest impact gaps.
- Present proposed input baseline and assumptions
- A signed modeling input baseline and a locked scenario list with clear decision intents are recorded.
- Quantitative history-match acceptance criteria that will be used to accept model runs are agreed.
- A timeline to start the model build and the process for handling blockers is established.
- Publish the modeling input baseline and the finalized scenario definitions document.
- Document the history-match acceptance criteria and include example metric calculations.
- Confirm engagement scope and asset boundaries
- A validated data inventory spreadsheet is accepted as the single reference for the engagement.
- A prioritized list of missing datasets and blockers with target delivery dates is agreed.
- A clear transfer method and timeline for data handoffs is established.
- Publish the validated data inventory spreadsheet including file paths, formats, and ownership.
- Provide secure transfer credentials or locations for the critical datasets listed as required to start modeling.
- Log each access blocker with the evidence needed to resolve it and target resolution dates.
- Agree validation criteria and sample scope
- A documented list of validated inputs and a clear set of data issues requiring remediation is produced.
- Each flagged data issue is assigned a priority rating and a target date for correction.
- Acceptance thresholds that determine whether modeling can proceed are confirmed.
- Deliver a data quality report summarizing checks performed, discrepancies found, and recommended fixes.
- Provide corrected sample files or documentation addressing the top priority data issues by the agreed dates.
- Update the data inventory to reflect corrected files and current readiness status.
- Walk the initial data inventory
- Run sample checks on production history and time series
- Inventory completion and stimulation histories
- Define scenario set and decision triggers
- Surface and operational constraints review
- Identify missing items and access blockers
- Set quantitative history-match acceptance criteria
- Validate petrophysical and log header consistency
- Create an impact matrix and rank constraints
- Confirm deliverables, timeline, and escalation for blockers
- Prioritize required data for model readiness
- Check PVT and fluid property inputs for completeness
- Agree next steps and data access timeline
- Prioritize remediation tasks
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Modeling Approach & Scenarios
Walk through the proposed modeling methodology, history-matching approach, scenario set, and how results will inform investment decisions.
Solution Experience
- Modeling Approach & Scenarios, Solution Experience
- Confirm the current state and what it costs you
- You confirm the proposed history-matching rules and acceptance criteria address the specific predictive gaps you described.
- Deliver a sample history-match and one forward scenario mapped to the agreed investment metrics within five business days.
- Provide final production histories, petrophysical inputs, and the list of decision thresholds for reserve booking and investment acceptance.
- Walk through the proposed end-to-end modeling methodology
- You confirm the scenario set covers the upside, base, and downside cases and directly maps to the investment thresholds you will use for decisions and reserve booking.
- Demonstrate the history-match approach and acceptance criteria
- You agree on the deliverables and acceptance criteria required to finalize reserve estimates for the next commercial decision.
- Confirm the list of stakeholders who must approve the reserve outputs and their explicit acceptance criteria.
- Review the scenario set and how each case maps to investment outcomes
- Proof run: sample matched model and forward case mapped to decision metrics
- Validate alignment with your needs
- Modeling Approach & Scenarios, Solution Experience
- Solution Experience Deck — Modeling Approach & Scenarios
- Modeling Approach Solution Brief
- meeting
- slides
- document
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Engagement Scope
Define deliverables, model platforms, scenario runs, responsibilities, assumptions, and explicit out-of-scope items.
Scope Configuration
- Build Static Geological and Petrophysical Model
- Construct Dynamic Reservoir Simulation Model
- History Matching and Parameter Calibration Runs
- Generate Production Forecasts and Type Curves
- Probabilistic Reserves Estimation by Category
- Development Scenario Modeling and Optimization
- Well Performance Analysis and Nodal Diagnostics
- Integrate Pressure and Rate-Transient Data
- Production-Economics Integration (CAPEX/OPEX/Returns)
- Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis (Monte Carlo)
- Model Handoff: Files, Runbook, and Training
- Deliverable Review Workshop and Investment Presentation
Scope Questions
Build Static Geological and Petrophysical Model
- Provide the list of wells and the preferred production index for static model building (API well IDs, surface location, measured depth).
- Upload the available petrophysical artifacts we should ingest: well log LAS files, core plug porosity/permeability tables, and digital core descriptions.
- Specify the target grid resolution and vertical layering approach for the static model (e.g., cell size in meters, layer per log sand package).
- Indicate which petrophysical thresholds should be applied for net pay and hydrocarbon saturation (porosity cutoff, volume of shale cutoff, water saturation method).
- List any regional geological inputs required for facies and correlation: top reservoir structural map, isopach, offset analog cross-sections, or a published depositional model.
Construct Dynamic Reservoir Simulation Model
- Provide the preferred simulator delivery format for the dynamic model deck (simulator-agnostic initialization files, restart-ready binary deck, or run-only archive).
- Upload any measured PVT reports, fluid property tables, and correlations to be used for initialization and scaling of relative permeability and viscosity.
- Specify well and completion attributes to include in the dynamic model: perforation intervals, stimulation geometry (SRV or fracture half-length), skin estimates, and completion type.
- Indicate expected surface and subsurface constraints to model explicitly: choke schedules, surface facility capacity, water-handling limits, and operating pressure caps.
- List the range of historical and future time steps to be used for simulation output (e.g., daily historical timesteps and monthly forecast timesteps).
History Matching and Parameter Calibration Runs
- Identify the historical production and allocation files to be matched: daily production ledger, allocated multi-well test reports, and production allocation spreadsheet.
- Attach the pressure and well test datasets to be used during calibration: build-up tests, pressure transient analysis files, and bottomhole pressure logs.
- Describe the calibration metrics you require for a successful history match: acceptable range of normalized root-mean-square error (NRMSE) on rates, water cut fit, and pressure residuals.
- Are there operational events that must be honored in the match timeline such as workovers, recompletions, fracture stimulation dates, or production allocation revisions?
- Estimate the number of calibration iterations you expect or budget for (e.g., fixed-fee 3 iterations, time-and-materials unlimited), and indicate if automated history-match runs are acceptable.
Generate Production Forecasts and Type Curves
- Which forecasting outputs do you require: deterministic P50/P10/P90 type curves, well-level decline projections, or portfolio-level aggregated production profiles?
- Specify the decline curve or physics-based methods preferred for type-curve generation (Arps DCA parameters, segmented decline, or simulation-derived forecasts).
- Provide the commercial forecast horizon and reporting cadence required for investment committees and bookkeeping (e.g., 5-year monthly, 10-year annual).
- Indicate any operating constraints to apply in forecasts such as maximum allowable drawdown, minimum flowing bottomhole pressure, or maximum water-handling capacity.
- List the deliverables expected with forecasts: per-well time series CSV, aggregated cashflow-ready tables, and plotted type-curve PDFs.
Probabilistic Reserves Estimation by Category
- Which reserves classification standard should we apply for categorization and reporting (for example PRMS or an internal booking standard)?
- Provide the probabilistic outputs you need: P10/P50/P90 volumetrics per well, asset-level Monte Carlo distributions, or deterministic booked cases.
- Quantify the integration required between probabilistic reserves and economic inputs: should Monte Carlo runs draw CAPEX/OPEX from scenario-specific cost curves or use a single cost input set?
- Identify the minimum data completeness thresholds we must meet before probabilistic booking (e.g., minimum 12 months of allocation, at least one pressure test per reservoir interval).
- Confirm the acceptance criteria for the reserves deliverable: which statistical confidence and documentation will satisfy your independent booking and audit needs.
Development Scenario Modeling and Optimization
- Propose the development scenarios to evaluate: accelerated drilling schedule, phased tie-ins, infill drilling, or alternative completion strategies (e.g., longer stage spacing).
- Supply the capital and operational constraints to be modeled: annual drilling budget, rig availability windows, and surface facility ramp rates.
- Outline the optimization objective you prioritize: NPV maximization, IRR threshold, payout within X months, or reserve life extension.
- Flag any regulatory or land constraints that will limit well placement or pad density such as spacing rules, lease depth limits, or environmental setbacks.
- Prioritize which optimization levers you want explored first: completion intensity, parent-child well timing, or water disposal routing.
Well Performance Analysis and Nodal Diagnostics
- Identify the wells for detailed nodal analysis and the available well-test artifacts: production logs (PLT), dynamic bottomhole pressure surveys, and surface ESP/rod pump curves.
- Attach the time-synced production and choke schedule data we should use for nodal calculations and inflow performance relationships (IPR).
- Describe the acceptance threshold for pump sizing and well deliverability recommendations (e.g., maintain minimum flowing bottomhole pressure, avoid gas-lock frequency).
- Are artificial lift limits or surface equipment curves to be included in the deliverable (pump curve envelopes, allowable motor power, surface-gas handling limits)?
- Estimate the number of nodal scenarios required per well (e.g., current choke, optimized choke, future ESP change) and whether you want sensitivity on inflow assumptions.
Integrate Pressure and Rate-Transient Data
- Provide the pressure transient datasets you have for integration: build-up test raw files, repeating DSTs, or flowing pressure logs with timestamps.
- Specify which pressure-interpretation outputs you expect integrated into the model: interpreted permeability-thickness (kh), skin, and reservoir boundaries from pressure decline analysis.
- Identify how rate-transient analysis (RTA) should be used in forecasting and matching: direct scaling of type-curves, constraint flags on well productivity, or as a calibration check only.
- State any preferred correlations or analogs for pressure-to-flow scaling (for example analog kh ranges or permeability multipliers derived from neighboring fields).
- When integrating pressure and rate-transient data, indicate whether you require uncertainty bounds derived from PTA parameter distributions.
Production-Economics Integration (CAPEX/OPEX/Returns)
- Supply the CAPEX and OPEX schedules to be used: per-well drilling and completion costs, facility CAPEX phasing, and fixed/variable operating cost tables.
- Select the fiscal assumptions and pricing treatments required: fixed commodity price decks, price escalation assumptions, and tax/royalty regimes.
- Outline the cashflow outputs you require for investment review: discounted cashflow with NPV by scenario, payback tables, and per-well breakeven prices.
- Identify any corporate finance constraints to apply such as minimum IRR gateway, required debt service coverage, or funding tranche availability by year.
- Quantify the aggregation level for economic outputs: per-well, per-pad, per-asset, or consolidated across the portfolio for LP-level reporting.
Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis (Monte Carlo)
- Identify the input parameters to randomize in Monte Carlo runs: porosity/permeability distributions, relative permeability endpoints, well productivity amplitudes, or CAPEX cost bands.
- Choose the number of Monte Carlo realizations you expect for probabilistic outputs and whether you require convergence diagnostics (e.g., 1,000 realizations with convergence check).
- Describe the correlation strategy between uncertain inputs (for example correlation between porosity and permeability or between EUR and well cost).
- Supply the tolerance thresholds for sensitivity outputs that will trigger a recommended mitigation or follow-up study (for example >20% NPV variance from single-parameter change).
- Attach the baseline deterministic case to seed Monte Carlo runs and indicate which scenario should serve as the central (P50) case.
Model Handoff: Files, Runbook, and Training
- Supply the preferred handoff artifacts you expect: full model decks, initialization reports, a runnable output package, and a step-by-step runbook for reproducing scenarios.
- Attach required file format constraints for your systems or auditors (e.g., reservoir deck compatible archive, CSV time series in specified column order, or Excel templates for economics).
- Provide the training scope you want included in the handoff: workshop length, attendee list by role, and whether recorded sessions are required for future reference.
- Allocate the internal contacts who will be the primary recipients of the runbook and model files and who will sign off on successful handoff (name, role, and email).
- Confirm acceptance criteria for delivered model files and runbook, including acceptable file integrity checks, reproducible run logs, and a successful test-run executed during the handover workshop.
Deliverable Review Workshop and Investment Presentation
- Propose the attendees for the review workshop from your side: reservoir engineering manager, asset director, finance sponsor, and operations lead.
- State the preferred format and duration for the investment presentation: executive summary slide deck (30 minutes) with appendices for technical panels.
- Outline the key messages you require in the investment presentation such as booked reserves by category, downside risk drivers, and recommended development sequence.
- Supply any board or regulatory templates the presentation must conform to, for example specific reserve disclosure tables or sensitivity slides required by your sponsor.
- Confirm what evidence will validate acceptance of the deliverables after the review workshop (signed minutes, acceptance checklist, or documented follow-up actions with owners and deadlines).
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Mutual Commit
Finalize commercial terms, data access authorizations, confidentiality, delivery milestones, and acceptance criteria.
Agreement Modules
- Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA)
- Master Services Agreement (MSA)
- Statement of Work (SOW)
- Data Access & Transfer Authorization
- Data Security & Confidentiality Addendum
- Intellectual Property & Deliverables License
- Fees & Payment Schedule
- Acceptance Criteria & Sign-Off Checklist
- Change Order Agreement
- Termination & Cancellation Terms
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Delivery Execution
Build and history-match models, run forecast scenarios, and produce reserve estimates and executive-ready reports with clear owners and milestones.
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Delivery Acceptance
Formal client sign-off checklist confirming receipt, review, and acceptance of deliverables, assumptions, and reserve estimates prior to final invoicing.
Checklist items
- Receive signed Deliverables Acceptance Form from buyer's designated approver
- Obtain written acceptance of reserve estimates from buyer's authorized commercial approver
- Obtain written acceptance of modeling assumptions and history-match summary from buyer's technical lead
- Deliver final model package (model files, input datasets, run logs) to buyer and receive delivery receipt
- Upload final report and model package to the platform integration endpoint and confirm platform delivery confirmation
- Record all signed acceptance documents and the delivery receipt in the platform workspace (audit trail complete)
- Buyer sign-off on Exceptions Log listing any outstanding items and their accepted impact
- Receive written authorization to issue final invoice from buyer's commercial approver
- Complete handover and access-exit actions: buyer confirms receipt of knowledge-transfer materials and seller confirms revocation of remote access
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Sustain & Advisory
Validate outcomes against success signals, track issues or enhancement requests, and provide follow-up advisory or handover support.
Review Meetings
- Findings Confidence Review
- Roadmap Endorsement Workshop
- Implementation Readiness Gate
- Quarterly Sustain and Advisory Review
Issues & Enhancements
- If recurring blockers persist, compile a mitigation proposal with options for addressing the root cause.
- Documented readiness decision for each endorsed initiative, with the count of implementation blockers resolved versus outstanding.
- Resolution timelines recorded for every outstanding blocker and client-side owner assigned to track progress to resolution.
- Publish the readiness register showing which initiatives are cleared to start, which are deferred, and the resolution plan for outstanding blockers.
- Provide required handover materials and model deliverables for any initiative cleared to start, with a delivery date for the package.
- Schedule the decision checkpoint when deferred initiatives must be re-evaluated or moved into implementation planning.
- Status update on implemented initiatives
- Demonstrate progress by increasing the count of implementation blockers resolved quarter over quarter.
- Confirm the remaining prioritized action count and the advisory support required to complete them in the next quarter.
- Publish a quarterly progress summary that lists completed initiatives, blockers resolved, and outstanding advisory requests.
- Create a short plan for any requested model refinements or follow-up advisory tasks, including scope and proposed timing.
- Re-state delivered outputs and documented findings
- Documented acceptance status for each major finding and reserve estimate, raising the measured findings acceptance rate.
- Every open item has a named client-side owner assigned and a target date for the first update, improving traceability for follow-up.
- Publish an annotated findings register that records acceptance status, outstanding evidence requests, and the assigned client-side owner for each item.
- Deliver clarified model inputs or additional explanation for any disputed findings within the agreed clarification window.
- Schedule short follow-up touchpoints only for items that remain disputed after clarification delivery.
- Present proposed prioritized initiative list
- Prioritized action count is finalized and documented, with endorsement status recorded for each initiative.
- Client-side owners are assigned to each endorsed initiative and sequencing is agreed to allow implementation planning.
- Publish the endorsed roadmap with the finalized prioritized action count, sequencing, and owner assignments.
- Document unresolved questions and required preconditions for any initiative that was not endorsed, with target dates for resolution.
- Provide an updated effort and timeline estimate for the first two endorsed initiatives to support implementation planning.
- Review readiness checklist per endorsed initiative
- Review findings acceptance status
- Surface and triage open implementation blockers
- Open blocker and enhancement review
- Review dependencies and sequencing
- Confirm resource and timing constraints
- Outcomes and measurement check
- Decide readiness outcome and next steps
- Clarifications and evidence requests
- Record endorsements and outstanding questions
- Assign client-side owners for each open item
- Next quarter priorities and advisory needs